429. ¿Es correcta la expresión Catholic Kings?

Aunque algunos historiadores utilicen el término the Catholic Kings, en referencia a los reyes Isabel y Fernando, por lo general se prefiere the Catholic Monarchs. En inglés, el masculino plural kings solo incluye a los varones, de modo que en la mente anglófona esta palabra evoca a dos hombres, no a un hombre y una mujer. En cambio, la palabra monarch, al igual que sovereign, puede referirse tanto a un hombre como a una mujer. La forma femenina de King es Queen, así que su uso normal sería the King and Queen of Spain, por ejemplo.

Asimismo, en inglés no existe un vocablo específico para los términos españoles infante o infanta, aunque muchos anglohablantes entienden que infanta significa ‘princesa española’ gracias a la sucesión de matrimonios angloespañoles entre las respectivas casas reales. En el Reino Unido, el hijo legítimo del monarca reinante es un prince o una princess. El heredero al trono recibe el título de Prince o Princess of Wales. Existen varios títulos hereditarios, la mayoría de los cuales tienen equivalente exacto en español.

Donde el Reino Unido se distancia ligeramente de España, en cuanto a las distinciones otorgadas, es en lo relativo al título Sir. Una de las condecoraciones más importantes que puede recibir un individuo es el knighthood (o damehood, en el caso de las mujeres). Esto da derecho al condecorado a recibir el tratamiento de Sir, al tiempo que su esposa recibiría el de Lady, aunque estos títulos no son hereditarios. Cuando una mujer recibe la condecoración, el tratamiento es Dame; su esposo, sin embargo, no obtiene título alguno. Aunque antaño este nombramiento se otorgaba por méritos militares, hoy en día los knighthoods se conceden como reconocimiento por aportaciones significativas a la vida pública. Entre los ejemplos de famosos que han recibido recientemente esta distinción están el entrenador de futbol Sir Alex Ferguson, el actor Sir Alec Guinness, Sir Tim Berners-Lee —el inventor de la web— y la actriz Dame Maggie Smith.

El monarca también puede condecorar a un individuo con un life peerage, título que aunque tampoco es hereditario da derecho a su receptor a ocupar un asiento en la Cámara de los Lores y a usar el título de Lord o Lady. Acaso el ejemplo reciente más conocido sea Lady Thatcher.

El monarca también puede otorgar títulos hereditarios: el ejemplo reciente más conocido es el del marido de Lady Thatcher, Dennis Thatcher, que recibió un título hereditario por separado, por lo cual hoy en día ostenta título el hijo de ambos, Sir Mark Thatcher.

Las 500 dudas más frecuentes del inglés
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