326. ¿Cómo se dice: I sat in front of Jim at dinner o I sat opposite Jim at dinner?

No es una regla perfecta, pero, como punto de partida, puede decirse que in front of significa ‘delante de’ y opposite significa ‘enfrente de’. Esto indica que la segunda frase es la correcta:

Imagen 27 I sat in front of Jim at dinner.

Imagen 26 I sat opposite Jim at dinner.

Opposite significa que algo o alguien está situado en el otro extremo o lado de otra cosa, pero de cara. Esa es la razón por la que Jim estaba opposite you en la cena: estaba sentado del otro lado de la mesa y, con un poco de suerte, mirando al hablante:

They’re building a new office block opposite the town hall (en el otro lado de la calle, plaza, etc.).

Opposite también se usa como adverbio:

The people who live opposite are having lots of work done and the noise is unbearable.

Laura didn’t like the look of the man sitting opposite, so she went and sat near the driver.

Con ese mismo significado se puede usar across from, especialmente —aunque no de forma exclusiva— en inglés americano. Across from siempre necesita un complemento:

They’re building a new office block across from the town hall.

The people who live across from us are having lots of work done and the noise is unbearable.

Opposite es un adjetivo de uso frecuente:

On the opposite side of the street, there’s a lovely old pub.

We live at opposite ends of the country, so we don’t see each other that often.

The photos on the opposite page show the city before and after the war.

La idea de estar de cara, pero ‘del otro lado’ —en el lado, o bando, contrario—, se puede observar cuando opposite se usa con verbos como act, play y star:

In Cleopatra, Elizabeth Taylor starred opposite her future husband, Richard Burton.

In front of hace referencia a una ubicación física, pero sin el sentido de ‘estar en el otro extremo de’, ni el de ‘estar de cara’. La persona que está in front of you en la cola del supermercado, por ejemplo, reúne ambas condiciones (no está de cara al hablante ni al otro extremo de la cola):

In front of the town hall, there’s a statue that most of us don’t even notice.

Sitting in front of the computer for so long isn’t good for your eyes.

Michael and I don’t like to use bad language in front of strangers.

También se puede usar con función adverbial:

I have Superintendent McVitie’s report in front of me, and it doesn’t make happy reading.

Some girls who wouldn’t stop talking were sitting in front of us, which rather spoilt the film.

Algunas veces, también se puede usar before para describir una ubicación, pero, o bien se refiere a la posición en una lista, o indica —y en ese caso resulta bastante anticuado y literario— que se está en presencia de alguien muy importante:

G comes before L in the alphabet, so you’re before me on the register.

After languishing in a cell for three months, Peter was finally brought before a magistrate.

No obstante, before se usa mucho más como preposición o adverbio de tiempo:

Sorry, but I was here before you.

Tell Stuart to be here before 3 o’clock.

Before I met Heather, I wasn’t really interested in cooking.

Para indicar que se produce un movimiento en el tiempo y en el espacio lo normal es utilizar ahead en lugar de in front of. En la práctica esto no es tan evidente, porque entonces siempre se diría The road ahead is closed, ya que las carreteras hacen pensar en movimiento; pero si ambos coches se están moviendo es tan aceptable decir I almost hit the car in front como decir I almost hit the car ahead. Sin embargo, cuando al menos uno de los coches está parado, se prefiere decir in front (of): I made contact with the car behind, but not the one in front.

Go ahead! I’ll meet you there when I’m ready.

With the exams and everything, Gemma’s certainly got a tough year ahead of her.

That year, Liverpool finished ahead of Manchester United by 5 five points.

Once you turn the corner, you’ll see the church straight ahead / in front of you.

PARA SABER MÁS

Sobre los otros usos de opposite84.

Las 500 dudas más frecuentes del inglés
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