Labour Ministry

labour movement

labour schemes, compulsory

Lagarde, Paul de

land law reform

land reform

Landauer, Gustav

Landgraf, Georg

Landsberg am Lech fortress gaol

Landshut

Lang, Fritz

Langbehn, Julius

Rembrandt as Educator

language

suppression of ethnic minorities’ languages

German

Lanz von Liebenfels, Jörg Late Romanticism

Latvia

Lausanne Conference (1932)

Law against Sexually Transmitted Diseases (1927; amended 1933)

Law for the Protection of the Republic

Law for the Restoration of a Professional Service (1933)

leadership

strong

myth of the dictatorial leader

Kaas on

‘leadership principle’

League of Antisemites

League of German Maidens

League of National Socialist Lawyers

League of Nations

Lebensraum (‘living-space’)

Leber, Julius

Legien, Carl

Lehmann, Lotte

Leiden

Leipart, Theodor

Leipzig: army officers’ trial (1930)

Leipzig Gewandhaus orchestra

leisure

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich

on the German Social Democrats

organizes a coup (1917)

peace settlement

and Bolshevik regime in Munich

Lenz, Fritz

Leopold Palace, Wilhelmsplatz, Berlin

Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim: Nathan the Wise (play)

Leuschner, Wilhelm

Levien, Max

Leviné, Eugen

liberal nationalism

liberalism

weak in Eastern and Central Europe by 1914

political

opposed by Italian Fascism

‘Jewish’

liberals

and funding of Prussian military machine

Prussian

and nationalism

new German Empire as fulfilment of their dreams

abandonment of liberal principles

and Catholicism

modest revival

left-wing

back Hindenburg (1932)

see also German Democratic Party; German People’s Party; National Liberals; Progressives

Libermann von Sonnenberg, Max

Liebermann, Max

Liebknecht, Karl

Liege

Lieser, Karl

Lippe

literature

Lithuania

living standards

‘living-space’ see Lebensraum

Lloyd George, David

Löbe, Paul

local authorities

Lochner, Louis

Lorraine

Lorre, Peter

Lossow, General Otto Hermann von

Louis6

Lower Bavaria

lower middle class

Nazis appeal to

Nazi Party members

Lower Silesia

Lübeck

Lüdecke, Kurt

Lüdemann, Hermann

Ludendorff, General Erich

First World War service

‘silent dictatorship’

claims that army was stabbed in the back

during the German Revolution

business funds

and Hitler’s putsch attempt of 1923

Tannenberg League

failure in 1925 elections

Goebbels impressed by

Lüderitz Bay, South-West Africa

Ludwig, Emil

Lueger, Karl

Luther, Martin

Luxemburg, proposed annexation of

Luxemburg, Rosa