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Colonel Chabert, Honoré de Balzac
The Count of Monte Cristo, Alexandre Dumas
The Count of Monte Cristo (French: Le Comte de Monte-Cristo) is
an adventure novel by Alexandre Dumas, père. It is often
considered, along with The Three Musketeers, as Dumas' most popular
work. It is also among the highest selling books of all time. The
writing of the work was completed in 1844. Like many of his novels,
it is expanded from the plot outlines suggested by his
collaborating ghostwriter Auguste Maquet.
The story takes place in France, Italy, islands in the
Mediterranean and the Levant during the historical events of
1815–1838 (from just before the Hundred Days through the reign of
Louis-Philippe of France). The historical setting is a fundamental
element of the book. It is primarily concerned with themes of hope,
justice, vengeance, mercy, forgiveness and death, and is told in
the style of an adventure story.
Candide, Voltaire
Candide, ou l'Optimisme (1759) is a French satire by the Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire, English translations of which have been titled Candide: Or, All for the Best (1759); Candide: Or, The Optimist (1762); and Candide: Or, Optimism (1947). The novella begins with a young man, Candide, who is living a sheltered life in an Edenic paradise and being indoctrinated with Leibnizian optimism (or simply optimism) by his tutor, Pangloss. The work describes the abrupt cessation of this existence, followed by Candide's slow, painful disillusionment as he witnesses and experiences great hardships in the world. Voltaire concludes with Candide, if not outright rejecting optimism, advocating an enigmatic precept, "we must cultivate our garden", in lieu of the Leibnizian mantra of Pangloss, "all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds".
The Three Musketeers, Alexandre Dumas
The Three Musketeers (Les Trois Mousquetaires) is a novel by
Alexandre Dumas, père. It recounts the adventures of a young man
named d'Artagnan after he leaves home to become a musketeer.
D'Artagnan is not one of the musketeers of the title; those are his
friends Athos, Porthos, and Aramis—inseparable friends who live by
the motto, "One for all, and all for one".
The story of d'Artagnan is continued in Twenty Years After and The
Vicomte de Bragelonne. Those three novels by Dumas are together
known as the D'Artagnan Romances.
The Three Musketeers was first published in serial form in the
magazine Le Siècle between March and July 1844.
Peter Pan (Peter and Wendy), J.M. Barrie
Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up and Peter and Wendy are the stage play and novel (respectively) which tell the story of Peter Pan, a mischievous little boy who can fly, and his adventures on the island of Neverland with Wendy Darling and her brothers, the fairy Tinker Bell, the Lost Boys, the Indian princess Tiger Lily, and the pirate Captain Hook. The story was written by Scottish playwright and novelist J. M. Barrie, inspired by his friendship with the Llewelyn-Davies family.
The Republic, Plato
The Republic is a Socratic dialogue by Plato, written in approximately 380 BC. It is one of the most influential works of philosophy and political theory, and Plato's best known work. In Plato's fictional dialogues the characters of Socrates as well as various Athenians and foreigners discuss the meaning of justice and examine whether the just man is happier than the unjust man by imagining a society ruled by philosopher-kings and the guardians. The dialogue also discusses the role of the philosopher, Plato's Theory of Forms, the place of poetry, and the immortality of the soul.
Free Culture, Lawrence Lessig
Lawrence Lessig, “the most important thinker on intellectual property in the Internet era” (The New Yorker), masterfully argues that never before in human history has the power to control creative progress been so concentrated in the hands of the powerful few, the so-called Big Media. Never before have the cultural powers- that-be been able to exert such control over what we can and can’t do with the culture around us. Our society defends free markets and free speech; why then does it permit such top-down control? To lose our long tradition of free culture, Lawrence Lessig shows us, is to lose our freedom to create, our freedom to build, and, ultimately, our freedom to imagine.
A Midsummer Night's Dream, William Shakespeare
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, suggested by "The Knight's Tale" from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, written around 1594 to 1596. It portrays the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of amateur actors, their interactions with the Duke and Duchess of Athens, Theseus and Hippolyta, and with the fairies who inhabit a moonlit forest. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world.
The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Victor Hugo
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris) is an
1831 French novel written by Victor Hugo. It is set in 1482 in
Paris, in and around the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. The book
tells the story of a poor barefoot Gypsy girl (La Esmeralda) and a
misshapen bell-ringer (Quasimodo) who was raised by the Archdeacon
(Claude Frollo). The book was written as a statement to preserve
the Notre Dame cathedral and not to 'modernize' it, as Hugo was
thoroughly against this.
The story begins during the Renaissance in 1482, the day of the
Festival of Fools in Paris. Quasimodo, the deformed bell ringer, is
introduced by his crowning as Pope of Fools.
Esméralda, a beautiful 16-year-old gypsy with a kind and generous
heart, captures the hearts of many men but especially Quasimodo’s
adopted father, Claude Frollo. Frollo is torn between his lust and
the rules of the church. He orders Quasimodo to get her. Quasimodo
is caught and whipped and ordered to be tied down in the heat.
Esméralda seeing his thirst, offers him water. It saves her, for
she captures the heart of the hunchback.
Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe
The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (of York, Mariner Who lived Eight and Twenty Years all alone in an un-inhabited Island on the Coast of America, near the Mouth of the Great River of Oroonoque; Having been cast on Shore by Shipwreck, where in all the Men perished but Himself. With An Account how he was at last as strangely deliver'd by Pyrates) is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1719 and sometimes regarded as the first novel in English. The book is a fictional autobiography of the title character, an English castaway who spends 28 years on a remote tropical island near Venezuela, encountering Native Americans, captives, and mutineers before being rescued. This device, presenting an account of supposedly factual events, is known as a "false document" and gives a realistic frame story.