^[1] Alvin J, Schmidt, Under the Influence: How Christianity Transformed Civilization, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Mich., 2001, p. 130. <<

^[2] Michael Davies, For Altar and Throne: The Rising in the Vendée, Remnant Press, St. Paul, Minn., 1997, p. 13. <<

^[3] Actual, sintética y muy completa es la obra de Santiago Cantera, Historia breve de la caridad y de la acción social de la Iglesia, Voz de Papel, Madrid, 2004. <<

^[4] Vincent Carroll y David Shiflett, Christianity on Trial, Encounter Books, San Francisco, 2002, p. 142. <<

^[5] W. E. H. Lecky, History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne, vol. 1, D. Appleton and Company, Nueva York, 1870, pp. 199-200. <<

^[6] Ibídem, p. 201. <<

^[7] Ibídem, p. 202. Para un buen análisis sobre la ausencia de la idea de caridad cristiana en la Antigüedad, véase Gerhard Uhlhorn Christian Charity in the Ancient Church, Charles Scribner’s Sons, Nueva York, 1883, pp. 2-44. <<

^[8] W. E. H. Lecky, op. cit., p. 83. <<

^[9] John A. Ryan, «Charity and Charities», Catholic Encyclopedia, 2.ª ed., 1913; Charles Guillaume Adolphe] Schmidt, The Social Results of Early Christianity, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Londres, 1907, p. 251. <<

^[10] Gerhard Uhlhorn, op. cit., p, 264. <<

^[11] Cajetan Baluffi, The Chanty of the Church, Gill and Son, Dublin, 1885, p. 39; Alvin J. Schmidt, Under the Influence, op. cit., p. 157. <<

^[12] W. E. H. Lecky, op. cit., p. 87; Cajetan Baluffi, op. cit., pp. 14-15; Alvin J. Schmidt, Social Results of Early Christianity, op. cit., p. 328. <<

^[13] Gerhard Uhlhorn, op. cit., pp. 187-188. <<

^[14] Alvin J. Schmidt, Under the Influence, op. cit., p. 152. <<

^[15] Cajetan Baluffi, op. cit., pp. 42-43; Alvin J. Schmidt, Social Results of Early Christianity, op. cit., pp. 255-256. <<

^[16] Alvin J. Schmidt, Social Results of Early Christianity, op. cit., p. 328. <<

^[17] Ibídem. <<

^[18] Alvin J. Schmidt, Under the Influence, op. cit., pp. 153-155. <<

^[19] John A. Ryan, «Charity and Charities», op. cit.; Guenter B. Risse, Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals, Oxford University Press, Nueva York, 1999, pp. 79 y ss. <<

^[20] Guenter B. Risse, op. cit., p. 73. <<

^[21] Fielding H. Garrison, An Introduction of the History of Medicine, W. B. Saunders, Filadelfia, 1914, p. 118; citado en Alvin J. Schmidt, Under the Influence, op. cit., p. 131. <<

^[22] William Edward Hartpole Lecky, op. cit., p. 85. <<

^[23] Roberto Margotta, The History of Medicine, Paul Lewis, ed., Smithmark, Nueva York, 1996, p. 52. <<

^[24] Guenter B. Risse, op. cit., p. 95. <<

^[25] Ibídem, p. 138. <<

^[26] Ibídem, p. 141. <<

^[27] Ibídem, p. 141-142. <<

^[28] Ibídem, p. 147. <<

^[29] Ibídem, p. 149. <<

^[30] Carrol y Shiflett, op. cit., p. 143. <<

^[31] Cajetan Baluffi, op. cit., p. 16. <<

^[32] Ibídem, p. 185. <<

^[33] Citado en John A. Ryan, «Charity and Charities», op. cit. <<

^[34] Cajetan Baluffi, op. cit., p. 257. <<

^[35] Neil S. Rushton, «Monastic Charitable Provision in Tudor England: Quantifying and Qualifying Poor Relief in the Early Sixteenth Century», Continuity and Change 16, 2001, p. 34. Este fragmento de la petición se ofrece en inglés moderno. <<

^[36] William Cobbett, A History of the Protestant Reformation in England and Ireland, TAN, Rockford, Ill., 1988 [1896], p. 112. <<

^[37] Philip Hughes, A Popular History of the Reformation, Hanover House, Garden City, 1957, p. 205. <<

^[38] Henri Daniel-Rops, The Protestant Reformation, J. M. Dent & Sons, Londres, 1961, p. 475. <<

^[39] Neil S. Rushton, «Monastic Chantable Provision in Tudor England», op. cit., p. 10. <<

^[40] Ibídem, p. 11. <<

^[41] Barbara Harvey, Living and Dying in England, 1100-1540: The Monastic Experience, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993, pp. 22, 33. <<

^[42] Georg Ratzinger, citado en Ryan, «Charity and Charities», op. cit. <<

^[43] W. E. H. Lecky, op. cit., p. 89. <<

^[44] Barbara Harvey, op. cit., p. 18. <<

^[45] Ibídem, p. 13. <<

^[46] Michael Davies, op. cit., p. 11. <<