Index

Aachen

Aaron

Abbas (uncle of the Prophet)

Abbas, Mahmoud, epl.1, epl.2

Abbasid dynasty, 19.1, 20.1, 45.1

Abcarius Bey

Abd al-Malik, Caliph, 3.1, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 19.2

Abdi-Hepa, King

Abdul-Aziz al-Saud, see Saud

Abdul-Hamid II, Sultan, 40.1, 40.2, 42.1, 43.1, 45.1, 46.1

Abdullah, King of Jordan, 45.1, 45.2, 47.1, 48.1, 49.1, 50.1, epl.1

     assassination

     and Israeli war

Abdullah II, King of Jordan, 53.1, epl.1

Abdullah, Saud, K, see Saud

Abdullah Pasha

Abdulmecid, Sultan, 36.1, 37.1

Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, Earl of

Abibaal, King of Tyre

Abishag

Aboukir Bay, Battle of

Abraham, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 10.1, 15.1

     and Islam, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2

Abraham’s Vineyard

Absalom

Absalom’s Pillar, 3.1, 20.1

Abu al-Abbas, Caliph, see al-Saffah

Abu Bakr

Abu Ghosh, 33.1, 37.1, 40.1

Abu Muslim, 18.1, 19.1

Abu Saad

Abu Sulayman Dawud

Abu Ubayda, 17.1, 45.1

Abyssinia

Achcar, Gilbert, 48.1, 49.1

Acra fortress, 7.1, 8.1

Acre, 33.1, 34.1, 35.1, 49.1

     Crusader siege

     and Crusaders, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1, 23.1, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 28.4

     and Mamluk conquest, 29.1, 29.2

     Napoleonic siege

      see also this page

Actian Games

Actium, Battle of, 10.1, 10.2

Adam, 1.1, 3.1, 15.1, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2

Adams, John, President, 37.1, 42.1

Adelaide, Queen of Jerusalem

Adhemar of Le Puy, Bishop

Adiabene, Helena, Queen of, see Helena

Adonijah

Adonizedek, King

Aegean Sea, 1.1, 2.1

Aelia Capitolina, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1

Afdal, Sultan, 26.1, 28.1, 48.1, epl.1

Afdaliyya Madrassa

Afghanistan, 7.1, 16.1, 18.1, 45.1

Agnes, Queen Mother, 24.1, 25.1

Agrippina, Empress, 12.1, 12.2

Ahab, King

Ahaz, King

al-Ahd

Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud

Ahmed Duzhdar Aga

Ahmet Jazzar Pasha, the Butcher, see Jazzar, Pasha, Ahmet

Aibeg, Sultan

Aisha

Akeldama, 11.1, 23.1, 43.1

Akhenaten, pharaoh, 1.1, 1.2

Akhmon, Arik

Akiba, Rabbi

Alami family, 40.1, 48.1

     Musa al-Alami

     Sheikh al-Alami

Alamut

Alapaesk

Alaska

Alchelai, Rabbi Yehuda Hai

Aleppo, 22.1, 24.1, 26.1, 28.1, 28.2, 29.1, 31.1, 32.1, 45.1, 46.1

Alexander the Great, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1

Alexander I, Emperor of Russia

Alexander II, Emperor of Russia, 37.1, 38.1, 39.1, 41.1

Alexander III, Emperor of Russia

Alexander Jannaeus, King, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1, 24.1

Alexander, Prince, 10.1, 10.2

Alexander, Michael Solomon

St Alexander Nevsky Church, 14.1, 15.1, 41.1, 43.1

Alexandra, 10.1, 10.2

Alexandra, Empress of Russia, 41.1, 43.1, 43.2, 48.1

Alexandria, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 15.1, 16.1, 24.1, 29.1, 37.1

Alexandrium fortress, 10.1, 10.2

Alexei, Tsarevich

Alexios, Emperor

Ali (Caliph), 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 20.1

Ali, King

Ali Bey

Aliyah, 41.1, 42.1, 43.1

Allenby, General Sir Edmund, prl.1st Viscount, 39.1, 45.1, 45.2, 46.1, 52.1, 53.1

Allenby Barracks

Almohads

al-Qaeda

Alter family

Alypius

Amaury, King of Jerusalem, 24.1, 26.1, 26.2, 28.1

Amaury of Lusignan, King of Cyprus

Amel-Marduk, King of Babylon

al-Amer, Field Marshal Abdel-Hakim

American Colony, 40.1, 45.1, 46.1, 50.1, 52.1, epl.1

American evangelists

Amman, 51.1, 51.2, 52.1, 52.2, 53.1

Ammunition Hill

Amnon, 3.1, 7.1

Amr ibn al-As, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1

Amra

Amsterdam

Anabaptists

Ananias

Ananus, 12.1, 13.1

Anatolia, 7.1, 21.1, 24.1, 29.1, 30.1, 44.1, 45.1

Andrew, Princess, of Greece

Andrews, Lewis

Andronikos Komnenos, Emperor

Anglo-American Commission

Angola

Anilaeus

Ankara

Annas (high priest), 11.1, 12.1

St Anne’s church and monastery, 22.1, 23.1, 26.1, 30.1, 37.1, 44.1

Ansari family

     Sheikh Abd al-Salam al-Ansari

     Adeb al-Ansari

     Sheikh Khalil al-Ansari

Antebi, Albert

Antigonos, ‘One-Eyed’, King

Antigonos, King, 9.1, 10.1

Antinopolis

Antinous

Antipater, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 10.2

Antioch, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 12.1, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 29.1

     and Crusaders, 20.1, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1, 22.2, 23.1, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3, 26.1

Antiochus III the Great, King, 7.1, 7.2

Antiochus IV Epiphanes, King, 7.1, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1

Antiochus VII Sidetes, King

anti-Semitism (the word)

Antonia, 12.1, 12.2

Antonia fortress, prl.1, prl.2, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 18.1, 37.1

Antoninus Pius, Emperor, 14.1, 18.1

Antonius Felix, see Felix

Antonius, George, 48.1, 48.2, 48.3, 50.1

Antonius, Katy, 48.1, 50.1, 50.2, 52.1

Apocalypse, xxiii, prl.1, 5.1, 7.1, 10.1, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, 20.1

     Jesus Christ and, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

Appian, 14.1, 14.2

Aqaba, 45.1, 46.1, 46.2

Aquileia

al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade

al-Aqsa Mosque, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1

     and Arab Revolt

     and Buraq Uprising

     and Crusaders (Temple of Solomon), 21.1, 22.1, 22.2, 23.1, 23.2, 23.3, 24.1, 28.1

     daily rituals

     fire

     and Israeli war

     and King Abdullah’s assassination

     and Mamluk sultanate, 29.1, 29.2, 30.1

     and Marwan Mosque

     negotiations and access, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3, epl.4, epl.5

     Nur al-Din’s minbar, 24.1, 26.1, 28.1, epl.1

     and Ottoman sultanate, 31.1, 32.1, 32.2

     and Six Day War

Arab Club

Arab Higher Committee, 50.1, 50.2

Arab Investigation Centres

Arab League, 50.1, 50.2, 51.1, 51.2, epl.1

Arab Legion, 29.1, 49.1, 51.1, 52.1

Arab Liberation Army, 50.1, 51.1

Arab Revolt, 45.1, 45.2, 48.1, 51.1, 51.2

     under Grand Mufti, 49.1, 49.2, 50.1

Arabic learning and science

Arafat, Yasser, 50.1, 51.1, 53.1, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3

Aram-Damascus

Araq e-Emir

Araunah the Jebusite, 3.1, 3.2

archaeology, 39.1, 43.1, 43.2, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3

Arculf, Bishop

Arda, Queen of Jerusalem

Aref, Abdel-Rahman, President

Aretas, King of Nabataea

Aretas IV, King of Nabataea, 11.1, 11.2

Argentina, 42.1, 43.1, 52.1

Argyll, John Campbell, prl.1th Duke of, 39.1

Aristobulos, King

Aristobulos II, King, 8.1, 9.1

Aristobulos, Prince, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1

Aristotle

Arius, 15.1, 15.2

Ark of the Covenant, prl.1, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 15.1, 42.1

     and Parker fiasco

Armageddon

Armenia, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 45.1

Armenian Chapel of St Helena

Armenian Monastery, 30.1, 35.1, 38.1, 53.1

Armenian Quarter, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 30.1, 53.1, epl.1

Armenians, 26.1, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1, 38.1, 40.1, 45.1, epl.1

     genocide, 44.1, 44.2, 45.1, 46.1

     and religious conflict, 32.1, 35.1, 37.1, 52.1

Arnold, Bishop of Bamberg

Arnulf, Patriarch

Arp Arslan, Sultan

Arsuf

Artas

Artaxerxes I, King of Persia, 6.1, 37.1

Arthur, King

Ashdod

Asherah

Ashkelon, 2.1, 7.1, 8.1, 21.1, 22.1, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 27.1

Ashkenaz

Ashkenazi Jews, 2.1, 19.1, 32.1, 33.1, 36.1, 48.1

Ashraf

Ashrafiyya madrassa

Asinaeus

Asmahan

Asquith, Herbert, prl.1st Earl of Asquith and Oxford 429, 45.1

Assassins, 20.1, 27.1

Assyrians, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1

Astyges, King of Media

Athaliah, Queen of Jerusalem, 4.1, 24.1

Athens, 7.1, 15.1

Atlas mountains

al-Atrash, Amal, see ‘Asmahan’

Atsiz ibn Awak al-Khwarazmi

Attila the Hun

Attlee, Clement, prl.1st Earl, 50.1, 50.2, 50.3

Augusta Victoria fortress, 42.1, 43.1, 44.1, 45.1, 46.1, 47.1, 47.2, 51.1, 52.1, 53.1

Augustus, Emperor (Octavian), 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 12.1, 14.1, 16.1

Auschwitz, 45.1, 52.1

Austin, Willie

Australians, 46.1, 49.1

Austrian Hospice, 39.1, 47.1, 52.1

Avars

Avigad, Nahman, 11.1, 16.1

Azekah

Azerbaijan

Aziz, Caliph, 20.1, 20.2

Aziz, Sultan

Azizus, King of Emesa

Azmey Pasha

Azouri, Najib

Baal, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

Baal Shem Tov

Bab al-Qattanin, see Gate of the Cotton Merchants

Bab al-Silsila, see Gate of the Chain

Bab el-Ghawanmeh

Babylon, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 11.1, 41.1, epl.1

Babylonian Chronicles

Babylonians, prl.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1

Baedeker, Karl, 39.1, 40.1, 43.1

Baghdad, 17.1, 19.1, 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, 21.1, 21.2, 28.1, 29.1, 49.1

     Jewish population, 6.1, 24.1, 38.1

     and Ottoman sultanate

Bahat, Dan

Baibars, Sultan, 28.1, 29.1, 31.1, 40.1

Bairam Pasha

Bakaa

al-Baladhuri

Balak

Balaklava Railway

Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem, 21.1, 21.2

Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem, 22.1, 23.1, 23.2

Baldwin III, King of Jerusalem, 23.1, 24.1, 24.2

Baldwin IV, King of Jerusalem

Baldwin V, King of Jerusalem, 25.1, 35.1

Balfour, Arthur, prl.1st Earl of, xxix, 42.1, 45.1, 45.2, 47.1, 47.2, 48.1

Balfour Declaration, 45.1, 46.1, 47.1, 47.2, 48.1, 49.1, 49.2

Balian of Ibelin, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3

Balkans, 31.1, 37.1, 40.1, 44.1

Ballin, Albert

Ballobar, Count Antonio de, 44.1, 44.2, 46.1

Balsam of Gilead

bar Kochba, Simon, 14.1, 16.1, 43.1

Barabbas, 11.1, 11.2

Barak, Ehud, epl.1, epl.2

Barcelona

Barclay’s Gate

Bardawil lagoons

Baris fortress, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1

Barka Khan, 28.1, 40.1

Barker, General Evelyn ‘Bubbles’, 50.1, 50.2, 50.3

Barsbay, Sultan

Barsoma of Nisibis

Bartholomew, Peter

Barton, General

Basle, 42.1, 42.2

Basra

Bathsheba, 3.1, 3.2

Bathsheba’s Pool

Battle of the Milvian Bridge

Battle of the Pyramids

Bay of Issus

bayah, 18.1

Bayley, Lieutenant-Colonel

Bayt Nuba

Beautiful Gate, 11.1, 11.2, 16.1, 28.1

Becket, Thomas

Beersheba

Begin, Menachem, 50.1, 50.2, 50.3, 51.1, 53.1, 53.2, epl.1

Behustan mountains

Beilin, Yossi

Beirut, prl.1, 10.1, 22.1, 23.1, 24.1, 37.1, 37.2, 45.1, 49.1, epl.1

     and Parker fiasco

     Russian assault, 33.1, 34.1

     and Three Pashas, 44.1, 46.1

Beit Jala

Belisarius, General, 14.1, 16.1

Bell, Gertrude

Belshazzar

Belzers

ben Sira, Jesus, 7.1, 20.1

ben Zakkai, Rabbi Yohanan, prl.1, 14.1

ben Zakkai Synagogue

Ben-Gurion, David (David Grün), 44.1, 45.1, 47.1, 48.1, 48.2, 52.1, 53.1, epl.1

     and Deir Yassin massacre

     and Israeli state, 48.1, 49.1, 49.2, 49.3, 50.1, 50.2, 50.3, 51.1, epl.1

     origins

     and premiership, 51.1, 53.1

     and Suez crisis

Benjamin

Benjamin of Tudela, 3.1, 24.1

Berekhah, Rabbi

Berenice, Queen of Chalcis, prl.1, prl.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2

Berlin, 44.1, 45.1, 46.1, 48.1, 49.1, 50.1, 52.1

Bernadotte, Count Folke

Betar

Betar youth organization, 47.1, 48.1, 50.1

Bethany

Bethel, 1.1, 4.1

Bethesda Pool, 4.1, 9.1, 11.1, 23.1

Bethlehem, 10.1, 10.2, 15.1, 44.1

     Church of the Nativity, 22.1, 37.1

     and Crusades, 21.1, 21.2, 28.1

Beth-Zacharia

Beth-Zur

Bevin, Ernest

Bible, xxii, xxiv, xxviii, prl.1, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 50.1

     Aleppo Codex, 11.1, 21.1

     and archaeology

     Authorized Version

     the Gospels, prl.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 15.1

     inconsistencies in

     Latin translation

     Masoretic

     New Testament, 12.1, 12.2

     Old Testament, 2.1, 7.1, 8.1, 11.1

     Orde Wingate and

     Pentateuch, 1.1, 5.1

     and Protestantism, 32.1, 32.2, 37.1

     St Petersburg Codex

     Septuagint, 7.1, 11.1

     and Zionism

Bible, books of

     Acts of the Apostles, 11.1, 12.1

     Chronicles, 4.1, 15.1

     Daniel, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 11.1

     Deuteronomy, 5.1, 10.1, 12.1

     Ezekiel

     Exodus, 1.1, 4.1

     Genesis, 1.1, 4.1, 32.1

     Isaiah, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2

     Jeremiah

     Judges, 1.1, 2.1

     Kings, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

     Lamentations

     Numbers, 5.1, 10.1, 14.1

     Psalms, 2.1, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 46.1

     Revelation, 12.1, 14.1, 21.1, 40.1

     St John, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

     St Luke, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6

     St Mark, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5

     St Matthew, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4

     Samuel

     Thessalonians

Biblical Zoo

Bird, Eugene

Bird, Kai

Birobidzhan, 48.1, 50.1

Bishop Gobat’s School

Bismarck, Prince Otto von, 40.1, 42.1

Black Hand cell

Black Hundreds

Black Letter

Black Obelisk

Black Sabbath

Black Sea, 16.1, 19.1

Black September

Black Sunday

Blake, William, 5.1, 35.1, 50.1

Bliss, Frederick

blood libel, 37.1, 37.2, 38.1, 42.1

Boer War

Bohemond, Prince of Antioch, 21.1, 21.2, 25.1

Bokharan Quarter, 42.1, 48.1

Bologna

Bols, Major-General Sir Louis J.

Bombay

Book of the Glory of Kings, 15.1

Book of Zerubabbel

Book of Zohar

Bordeaux pilgrim, 15.1, 15.2

Bosnia, 34.1, 34.2

Bosphorus

Bosra

Boston

Boston Herald, 48.1

Bradford, William

Brandeis, Louis

Breslavers

Brest-Litovsk

Bridges, Robert

Brindisi, 28.1, 28.2

Britain

     British Jews, 27.1, 29.1, 32.1, 38.1

     and conversion of Jews

     Roman, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1

     and state of Israel

     and Suez crisis

     and Zionism, xxix, 42.1, 45.1, 46.1, 47.1, 48.1, 50.1

Britannicus, Tiberius Claudius

British Military Cemetery

Bronner, Ethan

Bronze Age

Brooke, Rupert

Brothers, Richard

Brutus, Marcus Junius

Bubastis

Buchan, John

Bulgaria

bullae, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2

Burma

‘Burma Road’

Byron, George Gordon, prl.1th Baron, 4.1

Byzantium

Caecina

Caesar, Gaius Julius, 9.1, 14.1, 14.2

Caesarea, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 14.1, 16.1, 21.1, 22.1

Caesarea Maritima

Caesarea Philippi, 121

Caesarion, 9.1, 10.1

Café Jawhariyyeh

Caiaphas (high priest), 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5

Cairo, 21.1, 28.1, 28.2, 32.1, 32.2, 34.1, 48.1, 50.1, 50.2, 51.1, 53.1, 53.2

     Albanian conquest

     and British rule, 45.1, 45.2

     and caliphs, 19.1, 20.1, 20.2, 21.1

     and Fatimid Egypt

     and Mamluk sultanate, 29.1, 30.1, 30.2

     Oriental Storrs

     and Saladin, 25.1, 26.1

     and Sultan Baibars, 29.1, 29.2

Cairo Geniza

Cairo University

Calcutta

Calhoun, John

Caligula, Emperor, 7.1, 10.1, 12.1, 12.2

caliphs, 17.1, 18.1, 47.1

Callirhoe

Calvary, 11.1, 30.1

Cambrai

Cambyses II, King

camels, 1.1, 37.1, 45.1

Camp David

du Camp, Maxime, 37.1, 37.2

Canaanites, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.1

Canada

Cappadocia

Capri, 11.1, 12.1

Caracalla, Emperor

Carchemish

Cardo, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 23.1, epl.1

Carnegie, Mrs Andrew

Caroline of Brunswick, Princess

Carrhae, Battle of

Carter, Jimmy, President

Carthage, 7.1, 14.1, 16.1

Carthaginians, 4.1, 11.1

Cartwright, Ebenezer

Cassius Longinus, Gaius

Cassius Dio, 14.1, 14.2

Castile

de Castro, Abraham

Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, 33.1, 33.2, 34.1, 34.2, 37.1

Cathisma Church

Catholic Church, 15.1, 19.1, 21.1

     and religious conflict, 20.1, 32.1, 32.2, 37.1, 37.2, 37.3, 37.4, 46.1, 52.1, epl.1

Cave of Hira

Cecil, Lord Robert

Celebi, Evliya, see Evliya

Cervantes, Miguel de

Chabon, Michael

Chamberlain, Joseph

Chamberlain, Neville

Chancellor, Sir John, 48.1, 48.2

Chapel of the Apparition

Chapel of the Hill of Calvary

Chapman, Thomas

chariots, 3.1, 3.2

Charlemagne, Emperor, 8.1, 19.1, 23.1, 28.1, 37.1, 39.1, 42.1

Charles V, Emperor, 32.1, 32.2

Charles I, King

Charles of Anjou, King of Jerusalem

Charles, Prince of Wales

chastity

Chateaubriand, François-René, Vicomte de, xxix

Chaucer, Geoffrey

child sacrifice

China, 18.1, 30.1, 40.1

Chindits

Christ Church

Christian Quarter, 19.1, 20.1, 40.1, epl.1

Christianity, prl.1, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1

     Great Schism

     hierarchy and divisions in

     and Judaism, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1

     Roman adoption of, 15.1, 15.2

     and suppression of Jews

Christians, early, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

Christology, 15.1, 15.2

Chronicon Paschale

church bells, 20.1, 21.1, 26.1, 36.1

Church of Holy Archangels

Church of Mary Magdalene, 41.1, 48.1, 49.1, 52.1

Church of Our Lady of Jehoshaphat

Church of the Dormition, 42.1, 53.1

Church of the Holy Sepulchre, xxiii, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 20.1, 32.1, 46.1, 47.1, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3, amap1.1

     and Arab conquests, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 19.1, 20.1

     construction by Empress Helena

     and Crusaders, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1, 23.1, 23.2, 23.3, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1

     daily rituals

     and Descent of the Holy Fire, 20.1, 23.1, 23.2, 32.1, 32.2, 36.1, 37.1, 40.1, 41.1, 43.1, epl.1

     destruction by fire

     Fatimid destruction

     the Holy Sepulchre, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 19.1, 20.1

     and international visitors, 35.1, 36.1, 37.1, 37.2, 37.3, 39.1, 41.1, 42.1

     and Islamic sultanate, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1

     last Crusader grave

     latrines

     and Mamluk sultanate, 29.1, 30.1

     model of

     and Mongol raids

     and Napoleonic invasion, 34.1, 34.2

     and Ottoman sultanate

     Persian destruction

     and pilgrims’ accommodation

     and religious conflict, 35.1, 37.1, 37.2, 37.3, 46.1

     and Tartar conquest

     and Turkish conquests

Church of the Pinnacle

Church of the Redeemer

Church of the Resurrection

Churchill, Clementine

Churchill, Lord Randolph

Churchill, Sir Winston, xv, xvi, 43.1, 47.1, 47.2, 48.1, 49.1, 50.1, 51.1, 52.1, 52.2

     and Zionism, 45.1, 47.1, 50.1

CIA

Cilicia, 3.1, 10.1, 12.1, 14.1

circumcision, 5.1, 7.1, 12.1, 14.1, 40.1

     ban on, 14.1, 14.2

     and Islam

Citadel, this page, prl.1, 10.1, 10.2, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 18.1, 20.1, 37.1

     and Crusaders, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1

Clarence, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of

Claudius, Emperor, prl.1, 12.1, 15.1

Clausewitz, Carl von

Clemenceau, Georges

Cleopatra II, Queen of Egypt

Cleopatra III, Queen of Egypt

Cleopatra VII, Queen of Egypt, 9.1, 14.1

Cleopatra Selene

Cleopatra Thea

Clermont

Clifford, Clark

Clinton, Bill, President, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3

Cobb, Miss

Cohen, Amnon

Cohen, ‘Red Rosa’

Cold War

Columbus, Christopher

Conder, Lieutenant Charles, 39.1, 40.1

Congress of Berlin, 40.1, 45.1

Congreve, General Sir Walter ‘Squib’

Conrad III, King of Germany

Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem, 26.1, 26.2

Conrad II, King of Jerusalem

Conradin, King of Jerusalem

Constantine the Great, Emperor, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 22.1, 41.1, 45.1

Constantine IX Monamachus, Emperor

Constantine X Doukas, Emperor

Constantinople, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 16.1, 16.2, 19.1, 19.2, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1, 46.1, 48.1

     and Arab conquest, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 19.1

     Hagia Sofia, 16.1, 18.1, 20.1

     Nika riots

     Ottoman conquest

     and Persian threat, 16.1, 16.2

     Russian conquest

      see also this page

Constantius Chlorus, Emperor

Constantius II, Emperor, 15.1, 15.2

Cook, John Mason

Cook, Thomas

Cook, Miss

Coptic Church, 15.1, 33.1, epl.1

Córdoba

Council of Chalcedon

Council of Nicaea, 15.1, 15.2

Court of Women, prl.1, 10.1

Crassus, Marcus Licinius, 9.1, 9.2

Creasy, Mathilda

Cremieux, Adolphe

Cresson, Warder

Crete, 1.1, 10.1, 11.1, 36.1

Crewe, Margaret, Marchioness of

Crimea, 19.1, 32.1, 43.1, 48.1

Crimean War, 37.1, 37.2, 37.3, 38.1

Crispus Caesar

Croesus, King of Lydia

Cromwell, Oliver, 32.1, 32.2, 37.1

Crossman, Richard

crucifixion, prl.1, 7.1, 11.1

Crusader architecture

Crusades, 19.1, 39.1, 46.1, 47.1

     Count Thibault’s

     Eighth

     Fifth

     First

     and holy war theory

     and reconquest of Spain, 30.1, 32.1

     Second, 24.1, 37.1

     Seventh

     Third

Ctesiphon

Cunningham, General Sir Alan, 50.1, 50.2

Curzon, George Nathaniel, Marquess, 45.1, 45.2, 46.1, 47.1

Curzon, Robert

Cyprus, 4.1, 7.1, 10.1, 14.1, 18.1, 27.1, 27.2, 35.1, 40.1, 42.1, 48.1

Cyrenaica

Cyrene

Cyrus the Great, King of Persia, 6.1, 7.1

Czechoslovakia

Dacia

Daimbert, Patriarch

Dajani family, 32.1, 33.1, 40.1, 48.1, 50.1, 52.1

Damas, General, 33.1, 34.1

Damascus, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 9.1, 20.1, 34.1, 34.2, 35.1, 38.1, 42.1, 43.1, 46.1, 50.1, 53.1

     and Albanian conquest

     and Arab conquests, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 33.1

     and Crusaders, 22.1, 23.1, 24.1, 25.1, 25.2, 26.1

     and division of Middle East, 45.1, 45.2, 46.1, 46.2, 47.1, 50.1

     and Islamic sultanate, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1, 28.2

     Jewish population and blood libel, 37.1, 37.2, 42.1

     and Mongol conquest, 28.1, 29.1

     and St Paul’s conversion, 12.1, 15.1

     and Tamurlane’s conquest

     and Three Pashas, 44.1, 46.1

     Umayyad Mosque, 11.1, 18.1

Damascus Gate, 11.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 15.2, 21.1, 21.2, 23.1, 28.1, 32.1, 40.1, 30.1, 44.1, 44.2, 50.1, 51.1, epl.1

Damasus, Bishop

Damietta

Dan

Daniel, prophet, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1

Daniel the stylite

Danube, river

Danzig

Darius I ‘the Great’, King of Persia, 6.1, 6.2, 11.1

Darius III, King of Persia

d’Aubeny, Philip

House of David, 3.1, 4.1

David, King, xxiv, xxvii, prl.1, prl.2, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1, 10.1, 14.1, 14.2, 32.1, 42.1, 53.1

     and Bathsheba, 3.1, 3.2, 40.1

     and Charlemagne

     and Islam, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2

     his palace

     relics of

David el-Rey

David’s Tomb, see Mount Zion, Cenacle

Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), 17.1, 32.1, 48.1, 50.1, epl.1

      see also this page

Dayan, Moshe, 44.1, 49.1, 51.1, 52.1, epl.1

     and Orde Wingate

     and Six Day War

Dayan, Ruth, 49.1, 53.1

D-Day

Dead Sea, 10.1, 11.1, 13.1

Dead Sea Scrolls, 11.1, 53.1

Debussy, Claude

Deir Yassin massacre

Delhi

Demetrius II, King of Syria

Deraa

Dervishes, 32.1, 32.2, 40.1

Descent of the Holy Fire, 20.1, 23.1, 23.2, 32.1, 32.2, 36.1, 37.1, 40.1, 41.1, 43.1, epl.1

desert monasteries

Deuteronomists

Dickie, Archibald

Digness, Mendel

Diocletian, Emperor, 14.1, 15.1

Disraeli, Benjamin, prl.1st Earl of Beaconsfield, 24.1, 35.1, 38.1, 40.1, 45.1, 45.2, 46.1

Dome of Solomon

Dome of the Ascension

Dome of the Chain, 18.1, 21.1, 22.1

Dome of the Rock, 3.1, 15.1, 18.1, 19.1, 19.2, 20.1, 26.1, 32.1, 43.1, 45.1, 46.1, 51.1

     and Crusaders (Temple of the Lord), 21.1, 22.1, 22.2, 23.1, 24.1, 28.1

     daily rituals

     and Islamic sultanate, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1, 28.2

     Israeli shootings

     and Mamluk sultanate, 29.1, 29.2, 30.1

     negotiations and access, epl.1, epl.2

     and Ottoman sultanate, 31.1, 32.1

     and Parker fiasco

     regilding of

     and Six Day War

Domitian, Emperor, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

Donmeh sect

Donner, Fred M.

Doris, 10.1, 10.2

Dorr, David

Double Gates, 14.1, 18.1

Dreyfus Affair

Drusilla, Queen, 12.1, 12.2

Drusus

Druze, 20.1, 39.1, epl.1

Duff, Captain Robin, 43.1, 43.2

Dung Gate, 36.1, 53.1

East Prussia, 43.1, 50.1

Easter, 15.1, 16.1, 29.1, 32.1, 37.1, 40.1, 43.1

Eban, Abba

Ebenezer, Battle of

Ebionites

Ecclesiasticus, 7.1, 20.1

Edessa, 21.1, 21.2, 21.3, 22.1, 23.1, 28.1

     fall of

Edict of Milan

Edom, 8.1, 9.1

Edomites, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1, 8.1

Edward I, King, 8.1, 29.1, 39.1

Edward VII, King, 39.1, 40.1

Edwiga, Abbess

Egeria

Egypt, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 11.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 48.1, 50.1

     and Albanian conquest, 36.1, 37.1

     and Arab conquests, 19.1, 20.1

     and British rule, 40.1, 42.1, 44.1, 45.1, 45.2, 46.1, 49.1

     and Crusaders, 22.1, 22.2

     and desert monks

     and Greek conquest, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

     and Islamic sultanate, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 27.1, 28.1

     and Israeli war, 51.1, 51.2

     Israelites in

     Jewish community

     killing of dogs and cats

     Napoleonic invasion, 33.1, 34.1

     and Nur al-Din’s conquest, 24.1, 26.1

     and Ottoman conquest, 31.1, 32.1

     and peace deal

     and Persian conquests, 6.1, 16.1

     and Roman occupation, 9.1, 10.1

     and Six Day War, 52.1, 53.1, epl.1

     and Suez Canal, 39.1, 53.1

     and Turkoman conquest

     and UAR

     and Yom Kippur War

Egyptians, ancient, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 10.1

Eichmann, Adolf

Eilat

Ein Kerem, 11.1, 40.1, 49.1

Ekron

El Alamein, Battle of

El-Arish, 22.1, 42.1

Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen, 24.1, 27.1

Eleazar the Galilean

elephants, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1

Elgar, Sir Edward

Eliahu, Jacob, 4.1, 40.1

Elijah, prophet

Elisabeth, Empress of Austria

Elizabeth I, Queen

Elizabeth II, Queen

Ella, Grand Duchess, 41.1, 43.1, 48.1, 49.1

Elyashar, Menache

Emesa

Emmaus

English Hotel

Enlightenment, 33.1, 37.1

Enver Pasha, Ismail, 44.1, 44.2, 45.1, 46.1

Ephraim

Epic of Gilgamesh, 4.1, 5.1

Eshkol, Levi, 53.1, 53.2

Essenes

Ethiopia, 15.1, epl.1

Ethiopian Church, 15.1, 33.1, epl.1

Euclid

Eudocia, Empress

Eudocia’s Wall

Eugénie, Empress

Eugenius II, Pope

Euphemius

Euphrates, river, 4.1, 5.1, 10.1, 21.1

Eusebius of Caesarea, 14.1, 15.1

Eustace of Grenier

Eustochium

Eutropia

Evliya Celebi, xxix, 30.1, 32.1, 33.1

Execration texts

executions, 39.1, 44.1

     see also this page; stoning

Exodus, 50.1

Ezion-Geber

Jerusalem
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