C. Pulsing the Pulsars: Physicist Paul LaViolette’s Promethean Star- and Galaxy-Sized Weapons
Physicist Paul
LaViolette figured prominently in my Giza
Death Star trilogy, and rightly so, for he truly is a modern
day Prometheus who, as we shall see, is not afraid, in spite of his
academic credentials, to think in bold terms, and to outline the
physics of capturing the fire of the stars, and like De Santillana
and Von Dechind, he thinks in terms of the galaxy itself as sources
of energy and as means of communication. But as we shall also see,
he goes much further than theorizing about communicating literally with, i.e., by means of, the stars, but using them for far
deadlier purposes. And La Violette is signally important for yet
another reason as we shall see, for his work along with the scalar
physics work of Lt Col. (US Army, Ret.) Tom Bearden provides the
basis for solving one of the greatest mythological riddles of them
all.
LaViolette, it should
be noted, has a BA in physics from Johns Hopkins and a PhD from
Portland State in system theory, and is a member of the American
Astronomical Society. Notwithstanding these credentials from
mainstream institutions, LaViolette is not afraid to think, and to
think deeply, outside of the
box.
But what exactly has
LaViolette to do with the stellar and galactic context into which
De Santillana and Von Dechind place their own paleophysics
interpretation of mythological motifs? A great deal.
La Violette begins
his most recent book, The Talk of the
Galaxy, with the history of the discovery of pulsars, a kind
of star that emits pulses or bursts of radio signals at regular intervals of time. After the first
pulsar was discovered in July of 1967 by Cambridge graduate student
Jocelyn Bell and her professor Anthony Hewish,214 its strange
characteristics began almost immediately to perplex astronomers.
After observing this first pulsar for a few months, its signal
suddenly faded, and then reappeared again. Hewish “became convinced
that they had detected a new kind of astronomical source.”215 The regularity of
the pulses led the team to designate the source “LGM 1, the acronym
‘LGM’ standing for ‘Little Green Men.’”216 In December of 1967
Jocelyn Benn found a second pulsar, designated LGM 2.
Obviously, the
regularity of the pulses had opened the two astronomers to the
possibility that they were dealing with signals from some
intelligence, but since the two pulsars were separated by 4000
light years, they concluded naturally enough that two civilizations
were involved.217 Over the next few
months as more and more pulsars were discovered, MIT radio
astronomer Alan Barrett was quoted in the New
York Post as being open to the possibility that the pulsars
“might be part of a vast interstellar
communications network which we have stumbled upon.”218
But scientists soon
moved to close the door on this hypothesis, as one naturalist
hypothesis after another was put forward to explain why pulsars
behaved as they did. One of the early theories, that pulsars were
radially pulsating white dwarf stars was discarded when it was
found that two of the pulsars that had been discovered in the Crab
and Vela nebula were actually remnants of supernovas, or exploding
stars.35 The model that was eventually
decided upon and which became for a period the standard theory of
pulsars is the “Neutron Star Lightouse Model” as LaViolette calls
it. Pulsars were thought to be extremely dense rapidly rotating
masses of neutrons, “neutron stars”
which emitted beams of radiation called “synchrotron radiation” as
they spun. This radiation is not so difficult to understand if one
envisions the beam of a spotlight, rotating on its pedestal. When
the rotation approaches one’s position, one sees the beam, until it
rotates away, gradually dimming back into darkness, then gradually
reappearing, and so on, only in the case of the pulsar, the beam is
a radio wave of several frequencies.
This model worked
well enough until astronomers discovered pulsars whose pulses were
not regularly spaced, as they would be
if the “lighthouse” model were true. The model had to be revised,
and revised again, as more and more anomalous behavior was observed
in pulsars. Against this history of failure to adequately explain
the pulsar phenomenon on the basis of natural causes and models,
then, LaViolette proposes in his book to revive the
pulsars-as-nonrandomly placed, and as possible communications
devices:
If extraterrestrial civilizations are attempting to communicate with us and are distinguishing their transmissions by doing “something that can’t be done in nature,” the pulsar signals certainly are the closest thing known to fit this criterion.The chapters that follow present evidence that pulsars are nonrandomly placed in the sky, with particularly distinctive beacons being situated at key Galactic locations that are meaningful reference points from the standpoint of interstellar communication.219
Evidence soon showed
that pulsars originated from the surfaces of star-sized bodies,
since many pulsars were known to have massive neighbors such as
nearby stars or their own orbiting planets.220 This fact
too, spelled the end of the idea that pulsars might be part of an
artificially placed intra-galactic grid.
But not so fast, says
LaViolette. He urges us do one of Einstein’s thought experiments
and
Imagine a scientifically advanced civilization seeking out a hot stellar core and making use of its outgoing cosmic ray electron wind for communication purposes.
In this case, the
star thus functions as a gigantic particle
accelerator. Remember McCanney’s comets and the shot across
the bow? In this case, the engineering theory at least, is simple:
By using advanced technology... magnetic fields might be artificially generated near the star’s surface that would, in turn, decelerate the star’s cosmic ray electrons and cause them to produce one or more beams of ...radiation.221
Note that such a
magnetic field might also be engineered to do another thing: it
might be engineered to accelerate the
star’s cosmic rays.
By placing several
such fields near the surface of a star, several such beams could be
directed to different locations. LaViolette reproduces the
following diagram to illustrate his idea.
La Violette’s Model of Using A Star as a Source of
Synchrotron Radiation By Engineering Fields near its
Surface222
LaViolette then drops
his bombshell: “In fact, a careful study reveals that puslars are
nonrandomly distributed in the plane of the sky in such a way that
they point out a key location relative to the
Galactic Center.”223
La Violette then
reproduces the following map which plots some 330 known pulsars on
a map of the galaxy, with the center being the galactic
center:
Note that the cluster
of pulsars to the left of the galactic center should not be there
if the pulsars were randomly placed. As LaViolette observes the
center of this cluster “marks an angular deviation of precisely one radian from the Galactic center.”
224
What is a radian and why is this particular galactic longitude so special from the standpoint of extraterrestrial communication? The radian is a universal concept that comes from the study of geometry. Let us begin by drawing a circle... If we mark off a length along the circle’s circumference that has the same length as the circle’s radius, then the angle that subtends this arc, as measured from the center of the circle, is one radian. It takes a total of 2π radians to completely circumscribe a circle. Consequently, one radian will equal 36° divided by 2π, or about 57.296 degrees.225
So far so
good.
But note that the
cluster to the left of the galactic center diverges from the
galactic center as observed from Earth.
LaViolette then draws the first of many stunning
conclusions:
By pointing out (this) one radian (location), the fabricators of this pulsar network, not only would be conveying to us that their signals are of intelligent origin... but also that their senders know the director of the Galactic center as viewed from our solar neighborhood.... Consequently, marking this one-radian location with a network of beacons would have meaning only from our particular Galactic locale with its particular perspective for viewing the Galactic center direction.226
But there is a
problem with this concept, and LaViolette knows what it
is.
Any “galactic
communications grid” such as he is proposing is constrained by the
“relativistic speed limit”: nothing can travel conventionally
faster than the velocity of light. Thus, to construct such an array
implies that anyone doing it would have to have a means both of
communicating and traveling faster than light.227
However, while man
has not done the latter (yet), he has already communicated faster
than light:
In 1991, Thomas Ishii and George Giakos reported that they had transmitted microwaves at faster than light speeds. Shortly afterward in 1992, Enders and Nimtz, physicists at the University of Cologne in Germany, described transmitting microwaves through an undersized waveguide at superluminal velocity. This work became more widely known after 1995 when this group succeeded in transmitting Mozart’s 40th symphony through an undersized 11 centimeter long waveguide at a speed 4.7 times faster than that of light.228
Other experiments
have involved the phenomenon of non-locality, and photon
entanglement, to communicate information over great distances229 in violation of
relativistic dogma.
But there were other,
earlier attempts at communications, and
here is where one begins, at last, to draw close to the connection
between pulsars, the ancient war, and De Santillana’s and Von
Dechind’s “galactic context” for ancient myths. La Violette
produces the following diagram of a device built by the noted
American “electro-gravitics” physicist Thomas Townsend Brown, the
physicist whose name many will recognize as having been involved in
the alleged Philadelphia Experiment.
This was Brown’s
modification of similar experiments produced by Nikola Tesla, and
relied upon the transmission of messages over great
distances
By means of longitudinal wave shock fronts. (Brown’s device) generated its signals by repeatedly charging a capacitor to a high-voltage and abruptly discharged it through a spark gap. The resulting energy shock fronts so produced were recived by an electrified capacitor bridge that registered these waves as voltage transients read by means of a brush chart recorder. An investigator from the Office of Naval Research who witnessed a test of this devise in 1952 reported that signals were successfully transmitted to a receiver located in an adjoining room within an electrically grounded metal shield. 230
In other words, the
receiver had been completely electrically shielded, and yet it
registered the shock fronts!231
Because of this and
other phenomena, Brown, like Tesla who had discovered a similar
effect, began to suspect these longitudinal waves were
superluminal, “although at the time he had no definitive proof of
this.”232 But there was
more:
Since he had determined that his capacitor bridge was able to detect gravitational disturbances, he concluded that the signals he was conveying must be gravitic, rather than electromagnetic. He reasoned that the waves were the gravitational homologues of light waves, which, for lack of a better word, he called “quasi-fight.”233
Brown discovered that
he obtained even better reception if his original titanium oxide
capacitors were replaced by ceramic capacitors with a “high mass
density and high dielectric constant.”234 Note that the
phenomenon is produced by standard electromagnetic components, the
most important of which is a high energy direct current pulse across a spark gap. In short, one has
similar components in a pulsar, and this leads Laviolette to ask
the next important question: “Could the Hertzian electromagnetic
emissions from pulsars contain a non-Hertzian superluminal
component, as yet unidentified, that permits such rapid
communication?”235 In other words, was
there a hidden longitudinal wave component in pulsars that was
hitherto unrecognized? If so, then LaViolette’s thought experiment
would be vindicated.