A HISTORICAL NOTE
La Voisin and the witches of Paris were real historical figures, whose lives and deeds are preserved in the testimony they gave, under torture, during the celebrated “Affaire des poisons.” These records have generated a great deal of controversy, as various historians have sought to prove the participation or nonparticipation of some favorite figure in the web of poison, conspiracy, and witchcraft. Evidence of classic coven structure is found by some authors; others disagree. To me, the organization looked more like a cross between the “corporations” that organized the trades of the day and a sort of franchise structure, and so this is how I have depicted it.
The evidence against Madame de Montespan, along with that implicating other persons of quality, was kept in a separate sealed coffer and burned by the King himself. Madame de Montespan did, however, definitively lose favor after the Affair of the Poisons and died in exile from the court. Madame de Maintenon, the new favorite who succeeded her, is thought to have been secretly married to the King after the death of the Queen. Her rise to favor inaugurated a reign of piety, conformity, and vicious religious persecution.
Mademoiselle de Fontanges died shortly after giving birth to a child who also died. To still the rumors arising from the accusations of the witnesses before the commission that Madame de Montespan had engaged Romani to poison her, the King reluctantly agreed to an autopsy. The doctors, who had no effective means of detecting poison anyway, declared her death to be from natural causes, thus saving a great deal of trouble.
The Comtesse de Soissons was warned by the King of her coming arrest and fled in the night. Thereafter she wandered across the face of Europe, leaving a trail of mysterious deaths in her wake.
The Duchesse de Bouillon brought twenty carriages full of aristocratic supporters to her trial. Having been accused of wanting to poison her husband to marry her lover, she appeared with her husband on one arm and her lover on the other, to announce that she had indeed seen the Devil, and he looked exactly like La Reynie. The King exiled her with a lettre de cachet.
Primi Visconti survived the scandal to write gossipy memoirs of the court.
La Voisin was burned alive on February 22, 1680, in the Place de Grève. She did not confess under torture, refused to make the amende honorable at Notre Dame, and was said to have shoved aside the priest before being fastened to the stake with iron bands.
La Trianon and La Dodée committed suicide in prison.
La Bosse was burned alive, but La Vigoureux died during torture.
Marie-Marguerite Montvoisin, the Abbé Guibourg, Le Sage, Romani, and others who were witnesses to the activities of Madame de Montespan were not brought to trial, where their evidence might become public, but were imprisoned for life, incommunicado. Also imprisoned in this fashion were all those unlucky enough to have temporarily shared a cell with them.
Gabriel Nicolas de La Reynie is considered to be the founder of the first modern police force.
William of Orange and the Princess Mary were brought to the throne of England after the Catholic monarch, James II, was driven into exile in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
King Louis XIV died in 1715, having outlived three throne heirs. He was succeeded by his great-grandson, who became Louis XV.
The fiscal collapse of the state, projected by the great patriot, soldier, and administrator Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban in 1709, was complete before the end of the century.