46
Holy Week 1367
Barcelona
ARNAU REMAINED ON his knees in front of his
Virgin of the Sea while the priests said the Easter mass. He had
stridden into Santa Maria with Eleonor on his arm. The church was
full to overflowing, but the congregation gave way to allow them to
reach the front. He recognized their smiles: this man had asked him
for a loan for his new boat; that one had entrusted him with his
savings; over there was someone who wanted a dowry for his
daughter; and there was another who had not paid him the sum they
had agreed on. The man avoided his gaze, but Arnau paused next to
him and, to Eleonor’s disgust, shook him by the hand.
“Peace be with you,” he said.
The man’s eyes lit up. Arnau continued on his way
up toward the main altar. That was all he had, he told the Virgin:
humble people who appreciated him because he helped them. Joan was
tracking down sin, and he did not know what had become of Guillem.
As for Mar, what could he say?
Eleonor kicked his ankle. When Arnau glanced across
at her, she flapped her hand for him to get up. “Have you ever seen
a noble who stays on his knees as long as you do?” she had already
chided him on several occasions. Arnau paid no attention, but
Eleonor continued flicking her foot at his ankles.
“I have this too, Mother. A wife who is more
concerned with appearances than anything else, except for wanting
me to make her a mother too. Should I? She only wants an heir, a
son who can guarantee her future.” Eleonor was still kicking his
ankles. When Arnau turned to her, she lifted her chin toward the
other nobles in Santa Maria. Some were standing; the rest were
seated on their pews. Arnau was the only one still down on his
knees.
“Sacrilege!”
The cry resounded through the church. The priests
fell silent. Arnau got to his feet, and everyone turned to look at
the main doorway.
“Sacrilege!” came the cry again.
Several men pushed their way to the altar, still
shouting, “Sacrilege! Heresy! The Devil’s work! ... Jews!” They
wanted to talk to the priests, but one of them came to a halt and
addressed the congregation:
“The Jews have profaned a sacred host!”
A murmur rose from the ranks of the faithful.
“As if they hadn’t done enough by killing Jesus
Christ!” the first man cried out again from the altar. “Now they
want to profane his body!”
The murmur grew to an uproar. Arnau turned to face
the congregation, but Eleonor’s scornful countenance was all he
saw.
She scoffed. “Your Jewish friends.”
Arnau knew what his wife meant. Ever since Mar had
married, he had found it almost impossible to be at home, and so on
most evenings he went to see his old friend Hasdai Crescas, and
stayed talking to him until late into the night. Before he could
say anything to Eleonor, the nobles and other leading citizens
began to discuss what they had heard:
“They want Christ to suffer even after his death,”
said one of them.
“By law they are obliged to stay at home with doors
and windows shut during Holy Week. How could they have done such a
thing?”
“They must have escaped,” another man
asserted.
“What about our children?” said a woman. “What if
they have taken a Christian child to crucify him and then eat his
heart ... ?”
“And drink his blood,” another voice chimed
in.
Arnau could not take his eyes off this group of
enraged nobles. How could they... ? He caught Eleonor’s eye again.
She was smiling.
“Your friends,” she said sarcastically.
Then the entire congregation started to shout,
demanding vengeance. “To the Jewish quarter!” they cried, driving
one another on with more shouts of “Heresy!” and “Sacrilege!” Arnau
watched them all rushing out of the church, with the nobles
bringing up the rear.
“If you don’t hurry,” he heard Eleonor hiss, “you
won’t get into the Jewry.”
Arnau turned to look at her again, and then glanced
up at the Virgin. The noise from the crowd of people was dying away
down Calle de la Mar.
“Why so much hatred, Eleonor? Don’t you have
everything you want?”
“No, Arnau. You know I don’t have what I want, and
perhaps that’s exactly what you give your Jewish friends.”
“What are you talking about, woman?”
“About you, Arnau, about you. You know you have
never fulfilled your conjugal duties.”
For a few brief seconds, Arnau recalled all the
occasions he had rejected Eleonor’s advances, at first gently,
trying not to hurt her feelings, but gradually more roughly and
impatiently.
“The king forced me to marry you. He said nothing
about satisfying your needs.”
“The king may not have done so,” she replied, “but
the Church does.”
“God cannot force me to lie with you!”
Eleonor withstood his rebuff, staring straight at
him, then turned her face toward the main altar. They were alone in
Santa Maria ... apart from the three priests standing there, openly
listening to the couple arguing. Arnau also looked at the three
priests. When he confronted Eleonor once more, her eyes narrowed,
but she said nothing. He turned his back on her and headed for the
doorway out of the church.
“Go to your Jewish lover!” he heard his wife shout
behind him.
A shudder ran the length of his backbone.
That year, Arnau was once again consul of the sea.
Dressed in his robes of office, he made his way to the Jewish
quarter. The din of the crowd grew still louder as it advanced
along Calle de la Mar, Plaza del Blat, then down Calle de la Presó
to San Jaume church. The people were baying for vengeance, and
rushed toward the gates of the Jewry, which was defended by a troop
of the king’s soldiers. Despite the crush, Arnau had little
difficulty pushing his way to the front.
“You cannot enter the Jewry, Honorable Consul,” the
captain of the guard told him. “We’re awaiting orders from the
king’s lieutenant, the infante Don Juan, son of Pedro the
Third.”
The orders duly arrived. The next morning, Don Juan
ordered all the Jews to be shut in the main synagogue of Barcelona,
without food or water, until those guilty of the profanation of the
host came forward.
“Five thousand people,” Arnau growled in his office
at the exchange when he heard the news. “Five thousand people shut
up in the synagogue without food and water! What will happen to the
children, the newborn babies? What does the infante want? What fool
could expect any Jew to admit to profaning the host and condemn
themselves to death?”
Arnau thumped his table and stood up. The bailiff
who had brought him the news looked startled.
“Tell the guard,” Arnau ordered him.
The honorable consul of the sea made his way
hastily through the streets of the city, accompanied by half a
dozen armed missatges. Still guarded by soldiers, the gates
to the Jewry stood wide open. Outside, the angry mob had
disappeared, but there were at least a hundred curious onlookers
trying to get a glimpse inside, despite being pushed and jostled by
the soldiers.
“Who is in charge here?” Arnau asked the
captain.
“The magistrate is inside,” the officer told
him.
“Tell him I’m here.”
The magistrate soon appeared.
“What do you want, Arnau?” he asked, holding out
his hand.
“I want to talk to the Jews.”
“The infante has given the order—”
“I know,” Arnau interrupted him. “That’s exactly
why I need to talk to them. I’ve got a lot of outstanding business
with Jews. I need to talk to them.”
“But the infante ...,” the magistrate began to
protest.
“The infante lives from the Jewish quarters in
Catalonia! The king has ordered that they pay him twelve thousand
in yearly wages.” The magistrate nodded. “The infante would like
those responsible for the profanation to be found, but you know
very well that he also wants Jewish commerce to continue, because
if it doesn’t... Remember, the Jews of Barcelona contribute most of
those twelve thousand wages.”
The magistrate was convinced, and allowed Arnau and
his men through.
“They are in the main synagogue,” he said as they
passed by.
“I know, I know.”
Even though all the Jews were shut in, the streets
of the quarter were thronged with people. As he walked toward the
synagogue, Arnau could see a swarm of black-robed monks searching
each and every house for the bleeding host.
At the synagogue entrance, Arnau came up against
more guards.
“I’ve come to talk to Hasdai Crescas.”
The captain tried to stand in his way, but the
other guard, who had accompanied Arnau, explained he had
permission.
While they were waiting for Hasdai to come out,
Arnau looked back toward the Jewish quarter. The houses stood wide
open and had obviously been ransacked. The friars came and went,
carrying out objects and showing them to one another. They shook
their heads, then threw them onto the growing pile of Jewish
possessions. “Who are the profaners?” thought Arnau.
“Your Worship,” he heard behind him.
Arnau wheeled round and found Hasdai standing
there. For a few seconds he stared into the Jew’s eyes, full of
tears at the violation of his intimate world. Arnau ordered all the
soldiers to withdraw. His missatges obeyed at once, but the king’s
soldiers stayed where they were.
“Since when did the consul of the sea’s affairs
interest you?” Arnau asked them. “Stand back with my men. The
consul’s concerns are secret.”
The soldiers obeyed reluctantly. Arnau and Hasdai
studied each other.
“I’d like to embrace you,” Arnau said when nobody
could hear them.
“Better not.”
“How are you?”
“Not good, Arnau. We old people are unimportant,
the young can cope, but the children have had nothing to eat or
drink for hours. There are several infants; when their mothers have
no more milk to give them ... We’ve been here only a few hours, but
bodies have their needs ...”
“Can I help?”
“We’ve tried to negotiate, but the magistrate will
not listen. You know there is only one way out: we have to buy our
freedom.”
“How much should I ... ?”
Hasdai’s stare prevented him from finishing. How
much was the life of five thousand Jews worth?
“I trust you, Arnau. My community is in
danger.”
Arnau stretched out his hand.
“We all trust you,” said Hasdai again, taking it in
his.
Arnau went back among the black friars. Could they
have found the bleeding host already? The contents of the houses,
including pieces of furniture, were being heaped ever higher in the
streets. As he left the Jewry, Arnau thanked the magistrate. He
would ask for an official audience with him that afternoon; but how
much should he offer for a man’s life? Or for an entire
community’s? Arnau had bargained with all kinds of goods: fabrics,
spices, grain, animals, ships, gold, and silver; he knew the price
of slaves, but—how much was a friend worth?
ARNAU LEFT THE Jewry. He turned left, took Calle
Banys Nous down to Plaza del Blat, but when he was in Calle Carders
by the corner with Calle Montcada close to his own house, he
suddenly halted. What was the point? To clash yet again with
Eleonor? He turned on his heel to go back to Calle de la Mar and
his exchange table. From the day he had agreed to Mar’s marriage
... Ever since that day, Eleonor had pursued him relentlessly. At
first she did it stealthily. Why, she had not even called him her
beloved before then! She had never concerned herself about his
business, what he ate, or even how he felt. When that tactic
failed, she tried a frontal attack. “I’m a woman,” she told him one
day. She must have been discouraged by the way Arnau looked at her,
because she said nothing more ... until a few days later : “We have
to consummate our marriage; we’re living in sin.”
“Since when were you so interested in my
salvation?” Arnau asked.
Despite her husband’s gruff rejection, she did not
give up. Eventually she decided to talk about it to Father Juli
Andreu, one of the priests at Santa Maria. He was interested in the
salvation of the faithful, among whom Arnau was one of the most
highly regarded. With him, Arnau could not find excuses as he did
with Eleonor.
“I can’t do it, Father,” he told the priest when he
confronted him one day in the church.
It was true. Immediately after handing Mar to the
lord of Ponts, Arnau had tried to forget her. Why not have a family
of his own? He was all alone. All the people he loved had gone from
his life. He could have children, play with them, devote himself to
them, and perhaps find what was missing. But he could do this only
with Eleonor, and whenever she sidled up to him, or pursued him
through the palace chambers, or he heard her false, forced voice,
so different from the way she usually spoke to him, all his resolve
came to nothing.
“What do you mean, my son?” asked the priest.
“The king forced me to marry Eleonor, Father, but
he never asked what my feelings were for his ward.”
“The baroness ...”
“The baroness does not attract me, Father. My body
refuses.”
“I could recommend a good doctor ...”
Arnau smiled. “No, Father, no. It’s not that.
Physically I’m fine; it’s simply...”
“Well, then, you should make an effort to fulfill
your matrimonial obligations. Our Lord expects ...”
Arnau listened to the priest’s harangue, imagining
the stories Eleonor must have told him. Who did they think they
were?
“Listen, Father,” he said, interrupting him. “I
cannot oblige my body to desire a woman if it doesn’t.” The priest
raised his hand as though to intervene, but Arnau stopped him. “I
swore to be faithful to my wife, and I am; nobody can accuse me of
being otherwise. I come often to Santa Maria to pray. I donate
large sums of money to the church. It seems to me that my
contributions to building this church should compensate for the
shortcomings of my body.”
The priest stopped rubbing his hands. “My son
...”
“What do you think, Father?”
The priest searched among his scant theological
knowledge for ways of refuting Arnau’s arguments. He was defeated,
and soon hastened away among the men still working on Santa Maria.
Left alone, Arnau went to find the Virgin in her chapel. He knelt
before her statue.
“I think only of her, Mother. Why did you allow me
to give her to Lord de Ponts?”
He had not seen Mar since her marriage to Felip de
Ponts. When her husband died a few months later, he tried to
approach the widow, but Mar refused to see him. “Perhaps it’s for
the best,” Arnau told himself. The oath he had sworn to the Virgin
bound him even more than ever now: he was condemned to be faithful
to a woman who did not love him and whom he could not love. And to
give up the only person with whom he might have been happy
...
“HAVE THEY FOUND the host yet?” Arnau asked the
magistrate as they sat opposite each other in the palace
overlooking Plaza del Blat.
“No,” said the magistrate.
“I’ve been talking to the city councillors,” Arnau
told him, “and they agree with me. Imprisoning the entire Jewish
community could seriously affect Barcelona’s commercial interests.
The seagoing season has just begun. If you went down to the port,
you would see there are several ships ready to depart. They have
Jewish goods on board; they will either have to be unloaded or will
need to wait for the traders. The problem is that not all the
cargoes belong to Jews; part of them are owned by
Christians.”
“Why not unload them then?”
“The cost of transporting the Christians’
merchandise would go up.”
The magistrate spread his hands in a gesture of
frustration. “Then put all the Jews’ merchandise on some ships, and
the Christians’ goods on others,” he suggested finally.
Arnau shook his head.
“That’s impossible. Not all the ships are headed
for the same destination. You know the sailing season is short. If
the ships cannot leave, all our trade will be held up. They will
not be back in time, and so will miss some journeys. That will push
the price of everything up again. We will all lose money.” “You
included,” thought Arnau. “On top of which, it’s dangerous for
ships to wait too long in Barcelona: if a storm blows up ...”
“So what do you suggest?”
“That you set them all free. That you order the
friars to stop searching their homes. That you give them back their
belongings, that... ,” thought Arnau. “Impose a fine on the whole
Jewish community,” was what he said.
“The people are demanding the guilty be punished,
and the infante has promised to find them. The profanation of a
host—”
“The profanation of a host,” Arnau interrupted him,
“whether or not the bleeding host appeared, will of course be more
expensive than any other kind of crime.” Why bother to argue? The
Jews had been judged and condemned. The magistrate wrinkled his
brow. “Why not make the attempt? If we succeed, it will be the Jews
and only them who pay. If not, it’s going to be a bad year for
trade, and all of us will lose.”
SURROUNDED BY WORKMEN, noise, and dust, Arnau
looked up at the keystone that topped the second of the four vaults
above Santa Maria’s central nave, the latest completed. On the end
of the keystone was an image of the Annunciation, with the Virgin
dressed in a red cape edged with gold, kneeling as the angel
brought her the news that she was to give birth. Arnau’s attention
was caught by the bright reds, blues, and especially the golden
hues of the delicate scene. The magistrate had considered Arnau’s
arguments and finally yielded.
Twenty-five thousand shillings and fifteen guilty
men! That was the answer the magistrate gave Arnau the next day
after he had consulted with the infante Don Juan’s court.
“Fifteen culprits? You want to execute fifteen
people because of the ravings of four madmen?”
The magistrate thumped the table. “Those madmen
belong to the holy Catholic Church.”
“You know it’s an impossible demand,” said
Arnau.
The two men stared at each other.
“No culprits,” Arnau insisted.
“That’s not possible. The infante—”
“No culprits! Twenty-five thousand shillings is a
fortune.”
Arnau left the magistrate’s palace not knowing
where to go. What could he say to Hasdai? That fifteen Jews had to
die? Yet he could not get out of his mind the image of those five
thousand people packed into the synagogue with no water or food
...
“When will I have my answer?” he had asked the
magistrate.
“The infante is out hunting.”
Hunting! Five thousand people were shut up on his
orders, and he had gone hunting. It could not have been more than
three hours by horse from Barcelona to Gerona, where the infante,
duke of Gerona and Cervera, had his lands, but Arnau had to wait
until late the following afternoon to be summoned again by the
magistrate.
“Thirty-five thousand shillings and five
culprits.”
Ten Jews for ten thousand shillings. “Perhaps
that’s the price of a man,” thought Arnau.
“Forty thousand, and no culprits.”
“No.”
“I’ll appeal to the king.”
“You know that the king has enough problems with
the war against Castille without looking for more with his son.
That was why he named him his lieutenant.”
“Forty-five thousand, but no one guilty.”
“No, Arnau, no ...”
“Ask him!” Arnau exploded. “I beg you,” he added
apologetically.
WHEN HE WAS still several yards from it, Arnau was
hit by the stench from the synagogue. The streets of the Jewry
looked still more wretched than before: furniture and possessions
were strewn everywhere. From inside the houses came the sounds of
the friars demolishing walls and floors in their search for the
body of Christ. When Arnau saw Hasdai, he had to struggle to keep
his composure. Hasdai was accompanied by two rabbis and two leaders
of the community. Arnau’s eyes were stinging. Could it be from the
acid fumes of urine coming from inside the synagogue, or simply
because of the news he had to give them?
For a few moments, to a background noise of groans
and wails, Arnau watched as the others tried to get fresh air into
their lungs: what could it be like inside? All of them cast anxious
glances at the streets around them; for a while they seemed to hold
their breath.
“They want culprits,” Arnau told him when the five
men had recovered. “We started with fifteen. Now it’s down to five,
and I hope that—”
“We can’t wait, Arnau Estanyol,” one of the rabbis
interrupted him. “One old man has died today; he was sick, and our
doctors could do nothing for him, not even moisten his lips. And we
are not allowed to bury him. Do you know what that means?” Arnau
nodded. “Tomorrow, the stink of his decomposing body will be added
to—”
“Inside the synagogue,” Hasdai said, “we have no
room to move. No one ... no one can even get up to relieve
themselves. The nursing mothers have no more milk: they have
suckled their own babies and tried to feed the other infants. If we
have to wait many more days, five culprits will be nothing.”
“Plus forty-five thousand shillings,” Arnau pointed
out.
“What do we care about money when we could all
die?” the other rabbi added.
“Well?” asked Arnau.
“You have to try, Arnau,” Hasdai begged him.
Ten thousand more shillings speeded up the
infante’s reply ... or perhaps he never even got the message. Arnau
was summoned the next morning. Three culprits.
“They are men!” Arnau said accusingly to the
magistrate.
“They are Jews, Arnau. Only Jews. Heretics who
belong to the crown. Without the king’s favor they would already be
dead, and the king has decided that three of them have to pay for
the profanation of the host. The people demand it.”
“Since when has the king been so concerned about
his people?” thought Arnau.
“Besides,” the magistrate insisted, “it will mean
that our seafarers’ problems are solved.”
The old man’s body, the mothers’ dried-up breasts,
the weeping children, the wailing and the stench: Arnau nodded in
agreement. The magistrate leaned back in his chair.
“On two conditions,” said Arnau, forcing him to
listen closely once more. “First, the Jews themselves must choose
the guilty men.” The magistrate nodded. “And secondly, the
agreement has to be ratified by the bishop, who must promise to
calm the faithful.”
“I’ve already done that, Arnau. Do you think I want
to see another massacre of Jews?”
THE PROCESSION LEFT the Jewry. All the doors and
windows were shut, and apart from the piles of furniture, the
streets seemed deserted. The silence inside the Jewry was in stark
contrast to the hubbub outside, where a crowd had gathered around
the bishop, standing there with his gold vestments gleaming in the
Mediterranean sunlight, and with the countless priests and black
friars lining Calle de la Boqueria, separated from the people by
two lines of the king’s soldiers.
When three figures appeared at the gates of the
Jewish quarter, a loud shout rent the air. The crowd raised their
fists, and their insults mingled with the sound of swords being
drawn as the soldiers prepared to defend the members of the
procession. Shackled hand and foot, the three men were brought in
between the two lines of black friars. Then, with the bishop of
Barcelona at its head, the group set off down the street. The
presence of the soldiers and the friars was not enough to prevent
the mob from throwing stones and spitting at the three men being
slowly dragged past them.
Arnau was in Santa Maria, praying. It was he who
had taken the infante’s final decision to the synagogue, where he
had been met by Hasdai, the rabbis, and the community
leaders.
“Three culprits,” he said, trying to meet their
gazes, “and you can ... you can choose them yourselves.”
None of them said a word. They merely stared at the
streets of the Jewish quarter and let the cries and laments from
inside the synagogue guide their thoughts. Arnau did not have the
heart to negotiate any further, but told the magistrate as he left
the Jewry: “Three innocent men ... because you and I know that this
idea of the profanation of Christ’s body is false.”
Arnau began to hear the uproar from the crowd as he
approached Calle de la Mar. The hubbub filled Santa Maria; it
filtered in through the gaps in the unfinished doors, it climbed
the wooden scaffolding surrounding the unfinished structures as
rapidly as any workman, and filled the vaults of the new church.
Three innocent men! How did they choose them? Did the rabbis make
the choice, or did they come forward voluntarily? Arnau remembered
Hasdai’s expression as he looked out at the devastated streets of
the Jewry. What had been in his eyes? Resignation? Or had it been
the look of someone ... saying good-bye? Arnau trembled; his legs
almost gave way, and he had to cling to the prayer stool. The
procession was drawing near to Santa Maria. The noise was getting
louder and louder. Arnau stood up and looked toward the door that
gave onto Plaza Santa Maria. The procession would soon be there. He
stayed inside the church, staring out at the square, until the
shouts and insults became a reality.
He ran to the church door. Nobody heard his cry.
Nobody saw him in tears. Nobody saw him fall to his knees when he
caught sight of Hasdai being dragged along in chains with curses,
stones, and spit raining down on him. As Hasdai went past Santa
Maria, he looked straight at the man who was on his knees beating
the ground in despair. Arnau did not see him, and continued
flailing at the beaten earth until the sad procession had
disappeared and the earth was turning red from his bleeding fists.
Someone knelt in front of him and gently took his hands.
“My father wouldn’t want you to harm yourself for
him,” said Raquel. Arnau glanced up at her.
“They’re going ... they’re going to kill
him.”
“Yes.”
Arnau searched the face of this girl who had grown
into a woman. Many years ago, he had hidden her underneath this
very church. Raquel was not crying, and although it was very
dangerous, she was wearing her Jewish costume and the yellow
badge.
“We have to be strong,” said the girl he
remembered.
“Why, Raquel? Why him?”
“For me. For Jucef. For my children and Jucef’s
children, and for our grandchildren. For all the Jews of Barcelona.
He said he was already old, that he had lived enough.”
With Raquel’s help, Arnau got to his feet. They
followed the noise of the crowd.
The three men were burned alive. They were tied to
stakes on the top of bonfires of twigs and branches, which were set
alight while the Christians were still baying for revenge. As the
flames enveloped his body, Hasdai looked up to the heavens. Now it
was Raquel’s turn to burst into tears; she hugged Arnau and buried
her face in his chest.
His arms round Hasdai’s daughter, Arnau could not
take his eyes off his friend’s burning body. At first he thought he
saw him bleeding, but the flames quickly took hold. All of a
sudden, he could no longer hear the crowd shouting; all he saw was
them raising their fists menacingly ... and then something made him
look to his right. Fifty paces or so from the crowd, he saw the
bishop and the grand inquisitor standing next to Eleonor. She was
talking to them and pointing directly at him. Beside her was
another elegantly dressed woman, whom he did not at first
recognize. Arnau met the inquisitor’s gaze as Eleonor continued to
point at him and shout.
“That Jewish girl is his lover. Just look at them.
Look at the way he is embracing her.”
Arnau had his arms tightly round Raquel, who was
sobbing desperately on his chest as the flames rose skyward,
accompanied by the cheers of the mob. Turning his eyes away from
this horror, Arnau found himself looking at Eleonor. When he saw
the mixture of deep-rooted hatred and joyous revenge on her face,
he shuddered. It was then that he heard the woman standing next to
his wife laugh, the same scornful, unforgettable laugh that had
been engraved on his memory since childhood: the laugh of Margarida
Puig.