Das sphärisch symmetrische Kastenpotential

In diesem Abschnitt wird das sphärisch symmetrische Kastenpotential behandelt. Abbildung 9.2 zeigt eine Darstellung des Potentials, das sich mathematisch folgendermaßen beschreiben lässt:

ipad images

ipad images

Da es sich bei diesem Potential um ein Zentralpotential handelt, kann man an dieser Stelle auf die Ergebnisse zurückgreifen, die im Abschnitt »Zentralpotentiale im Dreidimensionalen« hergeleitet wurden. Das bedeutet, man kann die Wellenfunktion in einen winkelabhängigen und einen Radialteil aufspalten. Da die Ergebnisse für den winkelabhängigen Anteil bereits bekannt sind (siehe den Abschnitt »Der winkelabhängige Teil der Wellenfunktion ψ(r, θ, φ)«), müssen Sie im folgenden nur noch die Schrödinger-Gleichung für die Radialkomponente der Wellenfunktion untersuchen. Diese lauten folgendermaßen:

images

In den beiden folgenden Abschnitten wird die Schrödinger-Gleichung für die beiden Fälle 0 < r < a und r > a getrennt untersucht.

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