Contents

 

 

List of Maps

Foreword

 

PART ONE: BEGINNINGS

 

I.                               An Invitation

Nelson Rockefeller • The Phone Call • Meeting Richard Nixon • Encounters at the Pierre Hotel

 

II.                             Period of Innocence: The Transition

Getting Acquainted • The Uneasy Team • Getting Organized • Turning to Substance

 

III.                          The Convictions of An Apprentice Statesman

An Historian’s Perspective • The American Experience • Problems of a New Equilibrium

 

PART TWO: 1969: THE START OF THE JOURNEY

 

IV.                          European Journey

Nixon Visits Europe • Malaise of the Western Alliance • London and the “Special Relationship” • Bonn and Berlin and the Enigma of Germany • Rome Interlude • The Colossus of de Gaulle

 

V.                            Opening Moves with Moscow

Introduction to Anatoly Dobrynin • The Enduring Philosophical Problem of US-Soviet Relations • Reflections during the Transition Period • Public and Congressional Attitudes: A Spring Flurry • The Channel • Preparing for SALT • East-West Trade • Eastern Europe: Nixon’s Visit to Romania • Conclusion

 

VI.                          First Steps toward China

First Signals • The Ussuri River Clashes • Rumors of War • Triangular Politics

 

VII.                       Defense Policy and Strategy

Defense and the Strategic Balance • The Defense Debate • Antiballistic Missiles (ABM) • Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRV) • The Attack on the Defense Budget • Strategic Doctrine • Tactical Nuclear Weapons • One and a Half Wars • The Nixon Doctrine

 

VIII.                     The Agony of Vietnam

My Exposure to the Quagmire • What We Found • North Vietnamese Attacks and Cambodian Bombing • Diplomacy for a Peace Settlement • The Vance Mission • Return to the Treadmill • The Beginning of Troop Withdrawals • A Secret Meeting with Xuan Thuy • Another Reassessment • The Unpacifiable Doves • Groping for a Strategy

 

IX.                          Early Tests in Asia

The EC-121 Shootdown • The US-Japanese Alliance • The Okinawa Negotiation • The Textile A Fiasco

 

X.                             Words and Shadows: Evolution of Middle East Strategy

Initiatives Galore • Middle East Visitors • Diplomacy: Ever-New Proposals • Yet Another Initiative • Golda Meir • The Rogers Plan • The Evolving Strategy

 

XI.                          The Uneasy Alliance: Europe and the United States

Dilemmas of Europe’s Success • Consultations • De Gaulle’s Departure and European Unity • The Common Defense: The American Perception • East- West Relations in Europe • Berlin and Brandt’s Ostpolitik • European Security Conference • European Leaders Visit Washington: 1970 • Second Thoughts about the Common Market

 

PART THREE: 1970-1971: FROM TURMOIL TO HOPE

 

XII.                        The War Widens

Return to Secret Negotiations • Special Adviser Le Duc Tho and the First Round of Talks • Laos Interlude • The Overthrow of Sihanouk • The April 20 Troop Withdrawal Announcement • The Attack on North Vietnamese Sanctuaries • The Elusive Communist Headquarters and Other Battles • The Domestic Travail • The Balance Sheet,

 

XIII.                     The Soviet Riddle: Europe, SALT, and a Summit

Hot and Cold • The Riddle of Soviet Conduct • Ostpolitik • SALT and the Defense Debate • Pursuing a Moscow Summit

 

XIV.                     Middle East 1970

The Kosygin Letter • Soviet Soldiers and Missiles Appear in Egypt • An American Diplomatic Initiative • Cease-fire and Standstill • Israel Bows out of Negotiations

 

XV.                       The Autumn of Crises: Jordan

Crisis in Jordan • Iraqi-Jordanian Showdown • Hijacking Crisis • Showdown with the Guerrillas • The Syrian Invasion

 

XVI.                     The Autumn of Crises: Soviet Submarine Base at Cienfuegos

A Message from Moscow • A Flotilla Heads for Cienfuegos • The Showdown • Resolution of the Crisis

 

XVII.                  The Autumn of Crises: Chile

Salvador Allende • Influence and Intervention: The 40 Committee • The Chilean Election of 1970 • The Coup That Never Was • Allende Inaugurated

 

XVIII.                An Invitation to Peking

The End of the Warsaw Channel • Triangular Relationships • The Pakistani Channel • Ping-Pong Diplomacy • Plans and Aberrations

 

XIX.                     The Journey to Peking

“Polo I”: Prelude • The Middle Kingdom: First Meeting with Chou En-lai • The Announcement That Shook the World • “The China Card” • China at the United Nations • “Polo II” • The United Nations

 

XX.                        US-Soviet Relations: Breakthrough on Two Fronts

The Polish Riots • The Channel Becomes Operational • The SALT Negotiations and the May 20 Agreement • The Berlin Negotiation • The Summit Finally

 

XXI.                     The Tilt: The India-Pakistan Crisis of 1971

Origins of Tragedy • Two Cyclones • Military Crackdown • The Crisis Accelerates • The Soviet-Indian Friendship Treaty • Contacts with the Bangladesh Exiles • Mrs. Gandhi Comes to Washington • War between India and Pakistan • The War Spreads • Climax: A Fateful Decision • The Aftermath

 

XXII.                   Crisis in the Alliance: The Mansfield Amendment and the Economic

Confrontation

Mediterranean Journey • De Gaulle’s Funeral and Heath’s Visit • The Mansfield Amendment: The Old Guard Steps into the Breach • The Economic Crisis: The Second “Nixon Shock” • High-Level Consultations: The Final Round

 

XXIII.                 Vietnam 1970-71: Forcing Hanoi’s Hand

Madame Binh’s Eight Points • The Setting of a Strategy • The Laos Operation • Lam Son 719: The Military Operation • The Marches on Washington • The Negotiations Are Resumed • The South Vietnamese Presidential Election • Revealing the Secret Talks

 

PART FOUR: 1972: FROM WAR TO PEACE

 

XXIV.                Nixon’s Trip to China

The Haig Mission • Arrival: The Handshake • Mao Tse-tung • Walks, Talks, and Toasts • The Shanghai Communiqué • Assessments

 

XXV.                  Hanoi Throws the Dice: The Vietnam Spring Offensive

Invasion • The Buildup • Diplomatic Maneuvers • What Strategy?

 

XXVI.                The Secret Trip to Moscow

Preparing the Summit • Leonid Brezhnev • Conversations with Brezhnev and Gromyko • A Disagreement with the President

 

XXVII.             The Showdown: Mining of North Vietnamese Harbors

Preparing for Decision • The May 2 Secret Meeting • The Mining of North Vietnam • The Summit in the Balance • Postlude

 

XXVIII.           The Moscow Summit

Richard Nixon in the Kremlin • Greetings and Meetings • The Soviet Power Structure: Kosygin and Podgorny • Round One on SALT: Brezhnev and Nixon • Confrontation at the Dacha • The SALT Negotiations Conclude • Gromyko and the Middle East • What Did the Summit Accomplish?

 

XXIX.                Summit Aftermath

A Visit to the Shah of Iran • Return through Warsaw • The Soviet Grain Deal • European Attitudes

 

XXX.                   Sadat Expels the Soviets

The Death of Nasser • The Idea of an Interim Settlement • The Phantom Memorandum • Becoming Involved • Backchannel Explorations • Egypt Opens a Secret Channel to the United States

 

XXXI.                From Stalemate to Breakthrough

Hanoi’s Discomfiture • Testing the Stalemate • A Visit to Saigon • Interlude: Meetings of September 15 and 27 • The Breakthrough: The October 8 Meeting

 

XXXII.              The Troubled Road to Peace

Interlude in Paris, 1364 • Consultation with Thieu, • First Rumblings • Showdown with Thieu • The Journey Home

 

XXXIII.           “Peace Is at Hand”

Hanoi Goes Public • Election Interlude • Haig Visits Saigon Again • The Meetings with Le Duc Tho Resume • The December Talks: Breakdown of the Negotiation • The Christmas Bombing • Negotiations Resume • The January Round • Thieu Relents

 

XXXIV.           Peace At Last

Postlude

 

Chapter Notes

 

* * * *

White House Years
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