Chapter 18: The New Millennium
1 Richard Daniel Ewing, “Hu Jintao: The Making of a
Chinese General Secretary,” China
Quarterly 173 (March 2003): 19.
2 Ibid., 21–22.
3 Xiaokang, now a
widely used official policy term, is a 2,500-year-old Confucian
phrase suggesting a moderately well-off population with a modest
amount of disposable income. See “Confucius and the Party Line,”
The Economist (May 22, 2003);
“Confucius Makes a Comeback,” The
Economist (May 17, 2007).
4 “Rectification of Statues,” The Economist (January 20, 2011).
5 George W. Bush, “Remarks Following Discussions
with Premier Wen Jiabao and an Exchange with Reporters: December 9,
2003,” Public Papers of the Presidents of the
United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing
Office, 2006), 1701.
6 David Barboza, “Chinese Leader Fields Executives’
Questions,” New York Times (September
22, 2010).
7 Cui Changfa and Xu Mingshan, eds., Gaoceng Jiangtan [Top-leaders’
Rostrums] (Beijing: Hongqi Chubanshe, 2007), 165–82, as
cited in Masuda Masayuki, “China’s Search for a New Foreign Policy
Frontier: Concept and Practice of ‘Harmonious World,’” 62, in
Masafumi Iida, ed., China’s Shift: Global
Strategy of the Rising Power (Tokyo: NIDS Joint Research
Series, 2009).
8 Wen Jiabao, “A Number of Issues Regarding the
Historic Tasks in the Initial Stage of Socialism and China’s
Foreign Policy,” Xinhua (February 26,
2007), as cited in Masuda, “China’s Search for a New Foreign Policy
Frontier: Concept and Practice of ‘Harmonious World,’”
62–63.
9 David Shambaugh, “Coping with a Conflicted
China,” The Washington Quarterly 34,
no. 1 (Winter 2011): 8.
10 Zheng Bijian, “China’s ‘Peaceful Rise’ to
Great-Power Status,” Foreign Affairs
84, no. 5 (September/October 2005): 22.
11 Hu Jintao, “Build Towards a Harmonious World of
Lasting Peace and Common Prosperity,” speech at the United Nations
Summit (New York, September 15, 2005).
12 The number eight is regarded as auspicious in
Chinese numerology. It is a near homonym for the word “to prosper”
in some Chinese dialects.
13 Nathan Gardels, “Post-Olympic Powershift: The
Return of the Middle Kingdom in a Post-American World,”
New Perspectives Quarterly 25, no. 4
(Fall 2008): 7–8.
14 “Di shi yi ci zhuwaishi jie huiyi zhao kai, Hu
Jintao, Wen Jiabao jianghua” [“Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao speak at
the 11th meeting of overseas envoys”], website of the Central
People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China, accessed at
http://www.gov.cn/ldhd/2009-07/20/content_1370171.html.
15 Wang Xiaodong, “Gai you xifang zhengshi zhongguo
‘bu gaoxing’ le” [“It is now up to the West to face squarely that
China is unhappy”], in Song Xiaojun, Wang Xiaodong, Huang Jisu,
Song Qiang, and Liu Yang, Zhongguo bu gaoxing:
da shidai, da mubiao ji women de neiyou waihuan
[China Is Unhappy: The Great Era, the Grand
Goal, and Our Internal Anxieties and External Challenges]
(Nanjing: Jiangsu Renmin Chubanshe, 2009), 39.
16 Song Xiaojun, “Meiguo bu shi zhilaohu, shi ‘lao
huanggua shua lü qi’” [“America is not a paper tiger, it’s an ‘old
cucumber painted green’”] in Song, Wang, et al., Zhongguo bu gaoxing, 85.
17 A classical Chinese expression signifying a
postconflict return to peace with no expectation of recommencing
hostilities.
18 Song, “Meiguo bu shi zhilaohu,” 86.
19 Ibid., 92.
20 Ibid.
21 Liu Mingfu, Zhongguo meng:
hou meiguo shidai de daguo siwei yu zhanlüe dingwei
[China Dream: Great Power Thinking and
Strategic Posture in the Post-American Era] (Beijing:
Zhongguo Youyi Chuban Gongsi, 2010).
22 Ibid., 69–73, 103–17.
23 Ibid., 124.
24 Ibid., 256–62.
25 Some analyses posit that while the sentiments
expressed in these books are real and may be common in much of the
Chinese military establishment, they partly reflect a profit
motive: provocative books sell well in any country, and nationalist
tracts such as China Is Unhappy and
China Dream are published by private
publishing companies. See Phillip C. Saunders, “Will China’s Dream Turn into America’s Nightmare?”
China Brief 10, no. 7 (Washington,
D.C.: Jamestown Foundation, April 1, 2010): 10–11.
26 Dai Bingguo, “Persisting with Taking the Path of
Peaceful Development” (Beijing: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, December 6, 2010).
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 Ibid.
30 Ibid.
31 Ibid.
32 Ibid.
33 Hu Jintao, “Speech at the Meeting Marking the
30th Anniversary of Reform and Opening Up” (December 18, 2008),
accessed at http://www.bjreview.com.cn/Key_Document_Translation/2009-04/27/content_194200.htm.
34 Dai, “Persisting with Taking the Path of
Peaceful Development.”
35 Ibid.