Notas

^[1] «My Country,’tis of thee / Sweet land of liberty / Of thee I sing / Land where my fathers died / Land of the Pilgrims’ pride / From every mountainside — / Let freedom ring!». <<

^[2] «O Lord our God arise, / Scatter his enemies / And make them fall: / Confound their politics, / Frustrate their knavish tricks / On him our hopes are fix’d / O save us all». <<

^[3] «God save great Thomas Paine, / His “Rights of Man” explain / To every soul. / He makes the blind to see / What dupes and slaves they be, / And points out liberty / From pole to pole. //Thousands cry “Church and King” / That well deserve to swing, / All must allow: / Birmingham blush for shame, / Manchester do the same / Infamous is your name. / Patriots vow. // Pull proud oppressors down, / Knock off each tyrant’s crown, / And break his sword; / Down aristocracy, / Set up democracy, / And from hypocrisy / Save us good Lord. //Why should despotic pride / Usurp on every side? / Let us be free: / Grant freedom’s arms success, / And all her efforts bless, / Plant through the universe / Liberty’s Tree. // Facts are seditious things / When they touch courts and kings, / Armies are raised, / Barracks and Bastilles built, / Innocence charged with guilt, / Blood most unjusdy spilt, / God stands amazed. // Despots may howl and yell, / Though they’re in league with hell / They’ll not reign long; / Satan may lead the van, / And do the worst he can, / Paine and his “Rights of Man” / Shall be my song». <<

^[4] «God save The Rights of Man! / Let despots, if they can, / Them overthrow…». <<

^[5] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, traducción de J. A. Fontanilla, Barcelona, Orbis, 1985, p. 23. <<

^[6] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, traducción de J. A. Fontanilla, Barcelona, Orbis, 1985, p. 23. <<

^[7] Thomas Paine, op. tit., p. 138. <<

^[8] Ibid., p. 26. <<

^[9] Ibid., p. 34. <<

^[10] «Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid / Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire; / Hands that the rod of empire might have sway’d, / Or waked to ecstasy the living lyre: // But Knowledge to their eyes her ample page / Rich with the spoils of time did ne’er unroll; / Chill Penury repress’d their noble rage, / And froze the genial current of the soul. // Full many a gem of purest ray serene, / The dark unfathom’d caves of ocean bear: / Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, / And waste its sweetness on the desert air. // Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast / The little tyrant of his fields withstood; / Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest, / Some Cromwell, guiltless of his country’s blood». <<

^[11] John Keane, Tom Paine. A Political Life, Londres, Bloomsbury, 1996, p. 84. <<

^[12] Ibid. <<

^[13] «African Slavery in America», Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser, 8 de marzo de 1775. <<

^[14] John Keane, op. cit. [«But hear, O ye swains (’tis a tale most profane), / How all the tyrannical powers, / King, Commons and Lords, are uniting amain / To cut down this guardian of ours. / From the East to the West blow the trumpet to arms, / Thro’ the land let the sound of it flee: / Let the far and the near all unite with a cheer, / In defense of our Liberty Tree»]. <<

^[15] Ibid. <<

^[16] Thomas Paine, El sentido común y otros escritos, traducción de Ramón Soriano y Enrique Bocardo, Madrid, Tecnos, 1990,pp. 28-29. <<

^[17] C. R. C. Fletcher y Rudyard Kipling, «The American Rebellion and the Great French War 1760-1815; Reign of George III», A History of England, 1911, Nueva York, Double-day, p. 239. [«’Iwas not while England’s sword unsheathed / Put half a world to flight, / Nor while their new-built cities breathed / Secure behind her might / Not while she poured from Pole to Line / Treasure and ships and men —/ These worshippers at Freedom’s shrine, / They did not quit her then! // Not till their foes were driven forth / By England o’er the main —/ Not till the Frenchman from the North / Had gone with shattered Spain; / Not till the clean-swept oceans showed / No hostile flag unrolled / Did they remember what they owed / To Freedom — and were bold!»]. <<

^[18] Thomas Paine, El sentido común y otros escritos, p. 93. <<

^[19] Thomas Paine, The American Crisis, I, p. 91 <<

^[20] Ibid., p. 95. <<

^[21] Ibid., p. 96. <<

^[22] Thomas Paine, The American Crisis, II, p. 109. <<

^[23] Harvey J. Kaye, Thomas Paine and the Promise of America, Nueva York, Hill and Wang, 2005, p. 65. <<

^[24] Conor Cruise O’Brien, The Great Melody, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1992. <<

^[25] Juego de palabras intraducible. His Majesty significa «Su Majestad», pero mad quiere decir «loco». (N. de la T.) <<

^[26] «By Langley bush I roam but the bush hath left its hill / On cowper green I stray, ’tis a desert strange and chill / And spreading lea close oak ere decay had penned its will / To the axe of the spoiler and self-interest fell a prey. / And cross berry way and old round oaks narrow lane / With its hollow trees like pulpits I shall never see again / Inclosure like a Buonaparte let not a thing remain / It levelled every bush and tree and levelled every hill / And hung the moles for traitors — though the brook is running still / It runs a naked brook cold and chill». <<

^[27] John Keane, op. cit., p. 292. <<

^[28] Conor Cruise O’Brien, The Long Affair, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1998. <<

^[29] Conor Cruise O’Brien, The Great Melody, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1992. <<

^[30] John Keane, op. cit., p. 292. <<

^[31] Edmund Burke, citado en Edmund Burke, de Conor Cruise O’Brien, Londres, Random House, 1997, pp. 219-220. <<

^[32] Ibid., p. 217. <<

^[33] Ibid., p. 221. <<

^[34] Ibid. <<

^[35] Ibid. <<

^[36] Ibid. <<

^[37] Ibid. <<

^[38] Ibid. <<

^[39] O parlamentaristas [Roundhead] y partidarios de Carlos I [Cavalier]. (N. de la T.) <<

^[40] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, p. 31. <<

^[41] Ibid., pag. 31 <<

^[42] Ibid., p. 69. <<

^[43] Ibid., p. 69. <<

^[44] «The Saxon is not like us Normans. His manners / are not so polite. / But he never means anything serious till he talks / about justice and right. / When he stands like an ox in the furrow — with his / sullen set eyes on your own, / And grumbles, “This isn’t fair dealing”, my son, / leave the Saxon alone». <<

^[45] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, p. 49. <<

^[46] Ibid., pag. 51. <<

^[47] Ibid., pag. 61. <<

^[48] Ibid., pag. 64. <<

^[49] «The rank is but the guinea’s stamp / The man’s the gold for a’that». <<

^[50] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, p. 53. <<

^[51] Ibid., pp. 53-54. <<

^[52] En el original inglés, rotten borough: aldea que, a pesar de tener solamente unos pocos votantes, podía elegir a un miembro del Parlamento. En estos distritos eran especialmente frecuentes los sobornos. (N. de la T.) <<

^[53] Ibid., p. 67. <<

^[54] Ibid., p. 68. <<

^[55] Ibid., p. 86. <<

^[56] Ibid., p. 88. <<

^[57] Ibid., p. 88, nota. <<

^[58] Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, Londres, J. M. Dent & Sons, 1914, p. 66. [Hay trad, cast.: Leviatán o la materia, forma y poder de un estado eclesiástico y civil, traducción de Carlos Mellizo, Madrid, Alianza Editorial, 2014]. <<

^[59] Ibid., p. 67. <<

^[60] A. J. Ayer, Thomas Paine, Londres, Seeker & Warburg, 1988, p. 17. <<

^[61] A. Owen Aldridge, Thomas Paine’s American Ideology, Newark, University of Delaware Press, 1984, p. 122. <<

^[62] A. J. Ayer, op. cit., p. 17. <<

^[63] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, p. 57. <<

^[64] Ibid., p. 142. <<

^[65] Ibid., p. 150. <<

^[66] Ibid., p. 151. <<

^[67] Pradera situada a orillas del Támesis, cerca de Windsor, donde se supone que el rey Juan de Inglaterra aceptó la Carta Magna. (N. de la T.) <<

^[68] Mercado central de productos cárnicos situado en la City de Londres. (N. de la T.) <<

^[69] Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend, Londres, David Campbell Publishers Ltd., 1994, p. 133. [Hay trad, cast.: Nuestro común amigo, traducción de Damián Alou, Barcelona, Literatura Random House, 2010]. <<

^[70] John Keane, op. cit., p. 293. <<

^[71] Thomas Paine, Los derechos del hombre, p. 179. <<

^[72] Ibid., pag. 204. <<

^[73] Ibid., pag. 212. <<

^[74] Thomas Paine, The Age of Reason, p. 665. [Hay trad, cast.: La edad de la razón, traducción de Bertha Ruíz de la Concha, México, Dirección General de Publicaciones del CNCA, 1990]. <<

^[75] Ibid., p. 666. <<

^[76] Ibid., p. 687. <<

^[77] Se puede pensar que en la segunda parte de La edad de la razón Paine intentó escribir una pequeña sátira sobre Burke al comentar, en referencia a los increíbles milagros de Josué, que «lo sublime y lo ridículo están a menudo tan estrechamente relacionados que resulta difícil separarlos». Por lo que yo sé, es el primer uso que se hizo de este famoso contraste. Thomas Paine, The Age of Reason, p. 751. <<

^[78] Ibid., p. 672. <<

^[79] Ibid., p. 685. <<

^[80] Ibid., p. 715. <<

^[81] David Hume, Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 174. <<

^[82] «The rich man in his castle / The poor man at his gate / God made them high and lowly / And ordered their estate». <<

^[83] Thomas Paine, The Age of Reason, p. 825. <<

^[84] John Keane, op. cit., p. 499. <<

^[85] Christopher Hitchens, «Thomas Paine. The Actuarial Radical», Grand Street, otoño de 1987. <<

^[86]

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